ReviewPathogens and global health2022
Evolving strategies for meningococcal vaccination in Europe: Overview and key determinants for current and future considerations.
Review in Pathogens and global health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Invasive meningococcal disease over five decades in the Faroe Islands: high incidence, low mortality, and implications for vaccination policy.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Burden of Invasive Meningococcal Disease: Evolving Epidemiology and Implications for Prevention Policy.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- An unusual presentation of meningococcal meningitis.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2026Article
- Modeling the Public Health Impact of Introducing 4CMenB Vaccination for Infants in the Brazilian National Immunization Program.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Disease burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis meningitis in children and adolescents: A population-based study.Medicine · 2026Article
- A new quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine: Menquadfi® (MENACWY-TT).Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Need for Invasive Meningococcal Disease Prevention Through Vaccination for Young Children in the Americas.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Article
- Review
- Understanding the value of meningococcal vaccination for adolescents and young adults in the United States: insights from a steady-state modelling approach.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Public health impact and cost-effectiveness of introducing MenACWY vaccination strategies in Germany.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Five-Year Immune Persistence of a Quadrivalent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccine (MenACYW-TT) and Immunogenicity and Safety of a Booster Dose in Children.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Economic Evaluation of Adolescent Vaccination with Serogroup ACWY and C Meningococcal Vaccines in Germany.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2025Article
- Current methods in the diagnosis of invasive meningococcal disease.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Policies for the immunization against serogroup B meningococcus for adolescents immunized during the first two years of life: A mini review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Invasive meningococcal disease in South-Eastern European countries: Do we need to revise vaccination strategies?Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Meningococcal meningitis in Spain in the Horizon 2030: A position paper.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2024Review
- Invasive meningococcal disease in older adults: current perspectives and call for action.European geriatric medicine · 2024Review
- Modelling the Public Health Impact of MenACWY and MenC Adolescent Vaccination Strategies in Germany.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- The Diverse Spectrum of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Pediatric and Adolescent Patients: Narrative Review of Cases and Case Series.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a life-threatening, unpredictable condition. Vaccines are available against 5 of the 6 meningococcal serogroups (Men) accounting for nearly all IMD cases worldwide; conjugate monovalent MenC, quadrivalent MenACWY, and protein-based MenB vaccines are commonly used. We provide a comprehensive overview of the evolution of meningococcal vaccination strategies employed in national immunization programmes (NIPs) and their impact on IMD incidence in Europe. A more in-depth description is given for several countries: the United Kingdom (UK), the Netherlands, Greece, Italy, and Ireland. We searched European health authorities' websites and PubMed. Various vaccines and immunization schedules are used in 21 NIPs. Most countries implement MenC vaccination in infants, MenACWY in adolescents, and a growing number, MenB in infants. Only Malta has introduced MenACWY vaccination in infants, and several countries reimburse immunization of toddlers. The UK, Italy, Ireland, Malta, Andorra, and San Marino recommend MenB vaccination in infants and MenACWY vaccination in adolescents, targeting the most prevalent serogroups in the most impacted age groups. Main factors determining new vaccination strategies are fluctuating IMD epidemiology, ease of vaccine implementation, ability to induce herd protection, favorable benefit-risk balance, and acceptable cost-effectiveness. Since 1999, when the UK introduced MenC vaccination, the reduction in IMD incidence has been gradually enhanced as other countries adopted routine meningococcal vaccinations. Meningococcal vaccination strategies in each country are continually adapted to regional epidemiology and national healthcare priorities. Future strategies may include broader coverage vaccines when available (e.g., MenABCWY, MenACWY), depending on prevailing epidemiology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.