ArticleMolecular systems biology2021
RNA polymerase II clusters form in line with surface condensation on regulatory chromatin.
Article in Molecular systems biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular engineering of Cyanine-Hoechst hybrid materials for nanoscale DNA and chromatin imaging.JPhys materials · 2026Article
- Enhancer RNA transcription near segmentation gene enhancers can be analyzed in situ using FISH.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Combinatorial decision-making driven by multicomponent surface condensates.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Single-molecule imaging reveals RNA polymerase II dynamics and TAF1-dependent promoter-proximal pause release.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Transcription condensates are promoter hubs that enhance transcriptional bursts.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A single cluster of RNA Polymerase II molecules is stably associated with active genes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Density transitions in the regulation of transcription.Molecular cell · 2026Review
- The functional organization of chromosome territories in single nuclei during zygotic genome activation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- AKAP95 condensates regulate transcription and can be targeted in MLL-fusion driven oncogenesis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Natural degradation of RNA polymerase II is essential for oocyte chromatin reorganization and maternal-to-zygotic transition.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Shining light on drug discovery: optogenetic screening for TopBP1 biomolecular condensate inhibitors.NAR cancer · 2025Article
- RNA polymerase II transcription compartments - from factories to condensates.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2025Review
- Chromatin Binding Regulates Phase Behavior and Morphology of Condensates Formed by Prion-like Domains.Journal of molecular biology · 2025Article
- Chromatin-associated condensates as an inspiration for the system architecture of future DNA computers.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Review
- A single cluster of RNA Polymerase II molecules is stably associated with active genes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The functional organization of chromosome territories in single nuclei during zygotic genome activation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Increasingly efficient chromatin binding of cohesin and CTCF supports chromatin architecture formation during zebrafish embryogenesis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The role of transcription bodies in gene expression: what embryos teach us.Biochemical Society transactions · 2025Review
- Microscopy methods for the in vivo study of nanoscale nuclear organization.Biochemical Society transactions · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is essential for cells to control which genes are transcribed into RNA. In eukaryotes, two major control points are recruitment of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) into a paused state, and subsequent pause release toward transcription. Pol II recruitment and pause release occur in association with macromolecular clusters, which were proposed to be formed by a liquid-liquid phase separation mechanism. How such a phase separation mechanism relates to the interaction of Pol II with DNA during recruitment and transcription, however, remains poorly understood. Here, we use live and super-resolution microscopy in zebrafish embryos to reveal Pol II clusters with a large variety of shapes, which can be explained by a theoretical model in which regulatory chromatin regions provide surfaces for liquid-phase condensation at concentrations that are too low for canonical liquid-liquid phase separation. Model simulations and chemical perturbation experiments indicate that recruited Pol II contributes to the formation of these surface-associated condensates, whereas elongating Pol II is excluded from these condensates and thereby drives their unfolding.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.