Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34568831›Full record

ReviewBlood cancer discovery2021

Scalable Manufacturing of CAR T cells for Cancer Immunotherapy.

Mohamed Abou-El-Enein, Magdi Elsallab, Steven A Feldman, Andrew D Fesnak, Helen E Heslop, Peter Marks, Brian G Till, Gerhard Bauer, Barbara Savoldo

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Blood cancer discovery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07502118 (An Open-Label, Multicenter Phase 2-3 Clinical Study of Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells), which is not on this map. Cited by 189 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
189citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07502118 phase2 / phase3recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

An Open-Label, Multicenter Phase 2-3 Clinical Study of Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells (Talikabtagene Autoleucel) in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory B-Cell Malignancies (NexCAR19)

TypeinterventionalSponsorHealth Institutes of TurkeyRan2025 to 2030Enrolled40ConditionsRelapsed/Refractory B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL), Relapsed/Refractory Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), High-grade B-cell Lymphoma (HGBCL)ArmsTalikabtagene Autoleucel
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

189 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Recent advances in CAR T and CAR NK cell therapy for AML.International journal of hematology · 2026
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Hydrodynamic dispersion drives viral-cellular contact for gene delivery in porous media.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Adoptive cell therapies in thoracic malignancies: a comprehensive review.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

129 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mohamed Abou-El-Enein *Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California. abouelenein@med.usc.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-2903-9040
Magdi Elsallab *Joint USC/CHLA Cell Therapy Program, University of Southern California, and Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.ORCID 0000-0001-9574-3496
Steven A FeldmanStanford Center for Cancer Cell Therapy, Stanford Cancer Institute, Palo Alto, California.ORCID 0000-0003-2098-3860
Andrew D FesnakCenter for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Helen E HeslopCenter for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.ORCID 0000-0001-7049-7698
Peter MarksCenter for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Brian G TillClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington.
Gerhard Bauer *Institute for Regenerative Cures (IRC), University of California Davis, Sacramento, California.
Barbara Savoldo *Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Funding

Tumor BiologyP30CA125123 · NCI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI Michael M Ittmann · 2007 to 2026
$73.9M
Tissue ResourceP50CA126752 · NCI · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI Leonid S Metelitsa · 2007 to 2026
$51.4M
Tailoring CAR T cell therapy for Hodgkin LymphomaR01CA247497 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI SAVOLDO, BARBARA · 2020 to 2024
$3.1M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA125123NCI NIH HHS P50 CA126752NCI NIH HHS R01 CA247497
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As of April 2021, there are five commercially available chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies for hematological malignancies. With the current transition of CAR T cell manufacturing from academia to industry, there is a shift toward Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)-compliant closed and automated systems to ensure reproducibility and to meet the increased demand for cancer patients. In this review we describe current CAR T cells clinical manufacturing models and discuss emerging technological advances that embrace scaling and production optimization. We summarize measures being used to shorten CAR T-cell manufacturing times and highlight regulatory challenges to scaling production for clinical use. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ∣: As the demand for CAR T cell cancer therapy increases, several closed and automated production platforms are being deployed, and others are in development.This review provides a critical appraisal of these technologies that can be leveraged to scale and optimize the production of next generation CAR T cells.

Indexed as

Immunotherapy, AdoptiveNeoplasmsHumansReproducibility of ResultsT-LymphocytesAutomationCAR T cellsClinical ProductionGenetic ModificationGMPHematological MalignanciesManufacturingScalingSolid Tumors

Identifiers

PMID34568831
PMCPMC8462122

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.