ReviewiScience2021
Biology and bioinspiration of soft robotics: Actuation, sensing, and system integration.
Review in iScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Recent Advances in Bioinspired Robot and Intelligent Systems.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Robotic Materials With Bioinspired Microstructures for High Sensitivity and Fast Actuation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Space Physiology and Technology: Adaptations, Countermeasures, and Opportunities for Wearable Systems.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Bioinspired Soft Machines: Engineering Nature's Grace into Future Innovations.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Bioinspired 3D braided artificial ligament with human-like mechanical properties and self-healing capability.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Soft Robotics for Parkinson's Disease Supported by Functional Materials and Artificial Intelligence.BME frontiers · 2025Review
- Article
- Innovation Inspired by Nature: Applications of Biomimicry in Engineering Design.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Skin-inspired, sensory robots for electronic implants.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Untethered Magnetic Soft Robot with Ultra-Flexible Wirelessly Rechargeable Micro-Supercapacitor as an Onboard Power Source.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Sensorized objects used to quantitatively study distal grasping in the African elephant.iScience · 2023Article
- Development of MWCNT/Magnetite Flexible Triboelectric Sensors by Magnetic Patterning.Polymers · 2023Article
- A Bioinspired Fluid-Filled Soft Linear Actuator.Soft robotics · 2023Article
- Article
- Soft Robotics: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis.Micromachines · 2023Review
- Self-Aware Artificial Coiled Yarn Muscles with Enhanced Electrical Conductivity and Durability via a Two-Step Process.Polymers · 2023Article
- 3D Printing Soft Matters and Applications: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Organisms in nature grow with senses, nervous, and actuation systems coordinated in ingenious ways to sustain metabolism and other essential life activities. The understanding of biological structures and functions guide the construction of soft robotics with unprecedented performances. However, despite the progress in soft robotics, there still remains a big gap between man-made soft robotics and natural lives in terms of autonomy, adaptability, self-repair, durability, energy efficiency, etc. Here, the actuation and sensing strategies in the natural biological world are summarized along with their man-made counterparts applied in soft robotics. The development trends of bioinspired soft robotics toward closed loop and embodiment are proposed. Challenges for obtaining autonomous soft robotics similar to natural organisms are outlined to provide a perspective in this field.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.