ReviewMicrosystems & nanoengineering2021
High-resolution two-photon polymerization: the most versatile technique for the fabrication of microneedle arrays.
Review in Microsystems & nanoengineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
84 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular Design of Biobased, Printable Monomers for Two-Photon Polymerization.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Solid Ethanol as a Renewable, Low-Toxicity, Electron-Beam Direct Write, and Biomedical Material.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Numerical modelling for hollow pyramidal microneedle-based drug-loaded particles delivery for controlled drug release.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Nanofiber based transformative approaches for tendon regenerative engineering: past, present and future.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Self-localized ultrafast pencil beam for volumetric multiphoton imaging.Nature methods · 2026Article
- Comparative Evaluation of Hydrogel Dip-Coating on Cone and Pyramid Microneedle Arrays Fabricated by LCD 3D Printing.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Emerging and Prospective Engineering Technologies Enabling Microneedle Based Vaccine Therapeutics.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2026Review
- Smart microdevices for biomedical drug delivery: endogenous stimuli as the key to safer therapeutics.RSC advances · 2026Review
- A Water-Soluble PVA Macrothiol Enables Two-Photon Microfabrication of Cell-Interactive Hydrogel Structures at 400 mm sAdvanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Unconventional bioprinting modalities for advanced tissue biofabrication.Biomaterials · 2026Review
- Light-Based 3D Printing of Polyesters: From Synthesis to Fabrication.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Laser-Based QR Code Marking on Double Film-Coated Tablets: Balancing Marking Efficiency and Tablet Integrity-A Step Toward Safer Medicines.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Hybrid endomicroscopic objective with monolithic multi-material achromatic triplet fabricated using two-photon lithography.Applied optics · 2026Article
- Fully 3D-printed endomicroscopic objective for two-photon, multi-wavelength excitation microscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Biosynthetic optical waveguide interface integration using biomimetic -Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- Evolution of 3D-Printed Microneedles toward Closed-Loop Theranostic Platforms.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Review
- Integrating Polymeric 3D-Printed Microneedles with Wearable Devices: Toward Smart and Personalized Healthcare Solutions.Polymers · 2025Review
- Light-driven micro/nanobots.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- Advancing 3D scaffold models for metastatic prostate cancer in bone: Materials, manufacture, and future perspectives.Biomaterials and biosystems · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Design-to-skin Pipeline to Fabricate Polymeric Microneedles Using Ultrahigh-resolution 3D Printing.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Article
24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microneedle patches have received much interest in the last two decades as drug/vaccine delivery or fluid sampling systems for diagnostic and monitoring purposes. Microneedles are manufactured using a variety of additive and subtractive micromanufacturing techniques. In the last decade, much attention has been paid to using additive manufacturing techniques in both research and industry, such as 3D printing, fused deposition modeling, inkjet printing, and two-photon polymerization (2PP), with 2PP being the most flexible method for the fabrication of microneedle arrays. 2PP is one of the most versatile and precise additive manufacturing processes, which enables the fabrication of arbitrary three-dimensional (3D) prototypes directly from computer-aided-design (CAD) models with a resolution down to 100 nm. Due to its unprecedented flexibility and high spatial resolution, the use of this technology has been widespread for the fabrication of bio-microdevices and bio-nanodevices such as microneedles and microfluidic devices. This is a pioneering transformative technology that facilitates the fabrication of complex miniaturized structures that cannot be fabricated with established multistep manufacturing methods such as injection molding, photolithography, and etching. Thus, microstructures are designed according to structural and fluid dynamics considerations rather than the manufacturing constraints imposed by methods such as machining or etching processes. This article presents the fundamentals of 2PP and the recent development of microneedle array fabrication through 2PP as a precise and unique method for the manufacture of microstructures, which may overcome the shortcomings of conventional manufacturing processes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.