ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2021
CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide Developed to Activate Primate Immune Responses Promotes Antitumoral Effects in Combination with a Neoantigen-Based mRNA Cancer Vaccine.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis: High anti-HBs Titers are Associated with Significantly Reduced Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation During Rituximab Treatment.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Pooled it
- A lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccine elicits immunity against porcine circovirus type 2 in mice.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- mRNA-based melanoma vaccines targeting gp100 and TRP2 macromolecules.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Tomatine as a versatile adjuvant boosts mRNA vaccine responses.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Advances in RNA-based cancer therapeutics: pre-clinical and clinical implications.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Improvement of the Anticancer Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade: Advances in Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies.MedComm · 2025Review
- T cells in cancer: mechanistic insights and therapeutic advances.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- From genetic code to global health: the impact of nucleic acid vaccines on disease prevention and treatment.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Leveraging mRNA technology for antigen based immuno-oncology therapies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- Enhancing antibody levels and T cell activity of quadrivalent influenza vaccine by combining it with CpG HP021.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A platform to deliver single and bi-specific Cas9/guide RNA to perturb genes in vitro and in vivo.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Advances in Nonviral mRNA Delivery Materials and Their Application as Vaccines for Melanoma Therapy.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Review
- Nanomaterial Delivery Vehicles for the Development of Neoantigen Tumor Vaccines for Personalized Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Advancing personalized medicine in brain cancer: exploring the role of mRNA vaccines.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Advances in mRNA-Based Cancer Vaccines.Vaccines · 2023Review
- RNA modification in mRNA cancer vaccines.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Evolution and Progress of mRNA Vaccines in the Treatment of Melanoma: Future Prospects.Vaccines · 2023Article
- Screening of Tumor Antigens and Construction of Immune Subtypes for mRNA Vaccine Development in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Neoantigens and their potential applications in tumor immunotherapy.Oncology letters · 2022Review
- Nanotechnologies in Delivery of DNA and mRNA Vaccines to the Nasal and Pulmonary Mucosa.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe purpose of our research was to identify and evaluate synthetic phosphorothioate-modified CPG oligodeoxynucleotides (CPG-ODNs) activating innate and adaptive immune responses. Furthermore, combined treatment with CpG and an mRNA cancer vaccine was evaluated in melanoma models as a therapeutic approach.
methodsA molecular assay was used to screen new CpG molecules; mouse modeling and pathological analysis were used to confirm the antitumor effect of CpG alone or in combination with an mRNA vaccine. Finally, safety was assessed by monitoring blood biochemistry.
resultsWe first screened and identified a new CpG-B class ODN (CpG2018B) that effectively stimulated type II interferons in both mouse plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, CpG2018B promoted cytokine production mainly via toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) pathways. We further demonstrated that intratumoral (IT) injection of CpG2018B inhibited melanoma growth in syngeneic models and could turn "cold" tumors into "hot" tumors. Then, CpG2018B and an mRNA-based neoantigen cancer vaccine were encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and intratumorally injected into melanoma mouse models. Interestingly, vaccination with CpG or the mRNA vaccine alone could inhibit tumor growth, while combination of CpG with the mRNA vaccine enhanced the antitumor effect. Finally, we described the long-term safety and tolerability of CpG2018B and mRNA therapy in mice model.
conclusionWe identified a novel CpG-B class ODN to promote the immune response, and CpG combined with mRNA cancer vaccines is an attractive candidate approach for immunostimulatory sequence (ISS)-based therapeutic strategies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.