Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34565407›Full record

ArticleHuman resources for health2021

Frontline healthcare workers' mental distress, top concerns, and assessment on hierarchy of controls in response to COVID-19: a cross-sectional survey study.

Lingling Zhang, Kimberlee L Flike, C Ann Gakumo, Ling Shi, Suzanne G Leveille, Linda S Thompson

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Human resources for health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lingling ZhangDepartment of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA. lingling.zhang@umb.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9988-6512
Kimberlee L FlikeDepartment of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA.
C Ann GakumoDepartment of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA.
Ling ShiDepartment of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA.
Suzanne G LeveilleDepartment of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 William T. Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA.
Linda S ThompsonWestfield State University, 577 Western Avenue, Westfield, MA, 01086, USA.
University of Massachusetts Boston · USWestfield State University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe existing studies showed that frontline healthcare workers during an epidemic experienced unusual stressors and mental distress which even lasted for years after the crisis. It is important to learn about their concerns early to mitigate the negative impact as well as to evaluate disease control from experiences on the front lines for improving responses to the outbreak. The study aimed to provide insights on how to strengthen public health responses to protect healthcare workers both physically and mentally, and effectively control the disease in light of hierarchy of controls.

methodsA cross-sectional survey was distributed online via Qualtrics to frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 through a university's nursing program and received 267 valid responses from 103 certificated nursing assistants, 125 nurses, and 39 other health professionals. A descriptive data analysis with a Chi-square test at a two-sided 0.05 level of significance was performed on factors that potentially affected mental health of healthcare workers and effectiveness of disease control at workplace in five domains. The themes were summarized on open-ended questions.

resultsAbout 30% of the respondents showed the symptom of depression and needed a further investigation. The influencing factors in five domains were examined. Engineering and administrative controls, as well as PPE were widely used in response to COVID-19. The respondents assessed the state and workplace responses to COVID-19 better than the federal government responses. The workplace responses were considered most effective. Multiple factors with a statistically significant correlation with effectiveness of the disease control at workplace were identified.

conclusionsThe study suggested that timely responses at policy level will be more effective than other measures in early prevention and control of the pandemic, mental distress should be addressed in addition to PPE, and nursing programs should consider providing a situation-specific career coaching or counseling for students. A longitudinal study at a larger scale is warranted to capture the variation of time change with the disease control evolvement and across geographic regions.

Indexed as

COVID-19Cross-Sectional StudiesHealth PersonnelHumansLongitudinal StudiesSARS-CoV-2Surveys and QuestionnairesCOVID-19Healthcare workersHierarchy of controlsMental distressWorkplace response

Identifiers

PMID34565407
PMCPMC8474834
OpenAlexW3201993534

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.