ArticleBMC public health2021
Association of Environmental tobacco smoke exposure with depression among non-smoking adults.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- An interpretable machine learning model predicts the interactive and cumulative risks of different environmental chemical exposures on depression.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Article
- Association of second-hand smoking with sleep quality among adults in Ibadan, Nigeria: a cross-sectional evaluation of data from the COMBAT-CVDs study.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2024Article
- Secondhand smoke exposure is independently associated with stroke among non-smoking adults in West Africa.Journal of the neurological sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDepression is a psychological dysfunction that impairs health and quality of life. However, whether environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ETSE) is associated with depression is poorly understood. This study was designed to evaluate the association of ETSE with depression among non-smoking adults in the United States.
methodUsing the 2015-2016 United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we identified 2623 adults (females - 64.2%, males - 35.8%) who had never smoked and applied multivariable adjusted-logistic regression to determine the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) at P < 0.05 for the association of ETSE with depression adjusting for relevant confounders.
resultsMean age of respondents was 46.5 ± 17.9 years, 23.5% reported ETSE, and 4.7% reported depression. Also, aORs for the association of ETSE with depression were 1.992 (1.987, 1.997) among females and 0.674 (0.670, 0.677) among males. When we examined the association by age groups, the aORs were 1.792 (1.787, 1.796) among young adults (< 60 years) and 1.146 (1.140, 1.152) among older adults (≥60 years).
conclusionsWe found that ETSE was associated with higher odds of depression among females but not among males.
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Registered trials
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