ArticleRheumatology and therapy2021
Racial Differences in Prevalence and Treatment for Psoriatic Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis by Insurance Coverage in the USA.
Article in Rheumatology and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Economic Impact of Timely Systemic Treatment of Psoriatic Disease in Comorbidity Risk Reduction: Literature Review and (Early) Economic Assessment.Dermatology and therapy · 2026Review
- Disparities in the access to and use of biologic and targeted synthetic treatments in patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: a scoping review.EULAR rheumatology open · 2026Article
- Race as a determinant of clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of axial spondyloarthritis in the United States.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Review
- Beyond pharmacotherapy: a narrative review of patient, social, and healthcare system factors influencing treatment adherence in ankylosing spondylitis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Racial disparities in ankylosing spondylitis risk following tonsillectomy: a large-scale retrospective analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Factors Associated With Diagnosing Psoriatic Arthritis: A Retrospective Study in Northeast Georgia.The Permanente journal · 2025Article
- Multimorbidity in psoriasis as a risk factor for psoriatic arthritis: a population-based study.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Trends and disparities in the prevalence of diagnosed arthritis among United States adults from 2019 to 2022.Medicine · 2025Article
- Racial and ethnic determinants of psoriatic arthritis phenotypes and disease activity.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Observational
- What Matters in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Comparison of Patient and Clinician Perspectives.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Health Disparities in Rheumatology in the United States.Open access rheumatology : research and reviews · 2025Review
- Patient-Reported and Economic Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: Results from the National Health and Wellness Survey.Rheumatology and therapy · 2024Article
- Chromatin activity identifies differential gene regulation across human ancestries.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Treatment Initiation Among Patients with Newly Diagnosed Psoriatic Arthritis: A Retrospective Medicaid Claims Database Study.Rheumatology and therapy · 2023Article
- Racial disparities in comorbidities of patients with psoriatic arthritis.Rheumatology international · 2023Article
- Cytokine profile characterization of naïve patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: implications for a pathogenic disease continuum.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated with Patient-Reported Remission in Psoriatic Arthritis.Dermatology and therapy · 2022Article
- A brief human history of ankylosing spondylitis: A scoping review of pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.Surgical neurology international · 2022Article
- Autoimmune Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: Pharmacological Differences and Similarities by Type of Myositis and by Sociodemographic Variables.International journal of rheumatology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPatients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) may receive suboptimal care, and differences in care by race/ethnicity, sex, and insurance coverage are not well studied.
methodsThis was a descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional US claims database analysis utilizing the Medicaid multi-state segment of the IBM® MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters Supplemental Database and Optum Insight Clinformatics® Data Mart database for 2019. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with PsA or AS and continuous medical and pharmacy coverage were included. Outcomes evaluated were prevalence and percentage of patients receiving biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs)/targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) or visiting a rheumatologist. Outcomes were stratified by race/ethnicity, sex, and insurance coverage, with outcomes determined for commercial insurance, Medicare, and Medicaid enrollees. Differences observed in outcomes were numerical in nature.
resultsPrevalences of PsA and AS were highest for Medicare enrollees (320 and 156 per 100,000 persons [0.32 and 0.16%], respectively) and lowest for Medicaid enrollees (132 and 71 per 100,000 persons [0.13 and 0.07%], respectively). White patients had the greatest prevalence versus patients of other races/ethnicities. Females had a higher prevalence of PsA than males, while AS prevalence was generally lower for females versus males for each insurance category. The percentage of patients prescribed bDMARDs/tsDMARDs was highest for commercial insurance enrollees (PsA 63%, AS 43%) and lowest for Medicare enrollees (PsA 21%, AS 11%). The proportion of patients who saw a rheumatologist was lower for Medicaid enrollees (PsA 12%, AS 10%) than for commercial insurance or Medicare enrollees (PsA 68%, 55%; AS 67%, 42%). For commercial insurance and Medicare enrollees, the percentage of patients visiting a rheumatologist was similar by race/ethnicity but higher for females versus males.
conclusionsThe prevalence and treatment of PsA and AS differs by race/ethnicity, insurance coverage, and sex in the USA. Efforts for improving access to care are needed to improve outcomes among all patients.
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