ArticleSleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung2022
Sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea using hypopneas defined by a 3% oxygen desaturation or arousal but not by 4% or greater oxygen desaturation.
Article in Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sleepiness and attention in sleep-clinic patients and their associations with apnea severity and treatment.Sleep · 2026Article
- Varying Hypopnea Definitions and Treatment Eligibility in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2026Article
- Breathing cessation events that compose the apnea-hypopnea index are distinctively associated with the adverse outcomes in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2023Observational
- A Prediction Nomogram for Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Snoring Patients: A Retrospective Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2023Article
- Isovolemic hemodilution in chronic mountain sickness acutely worsens nocturnal oxygenation and sleep apnea severity.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesThis analysis determined the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with hypopneas defined by a 3% O
methodsData were analyzed from Sleep Heart Health Study participants who had polysomnography (N = 6307) regarding OSA and subjective sleepiness scores (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, ESS). The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was classified based on 3% only, 3%A only, and 4% definitions of hypopneas.
resultsOf the 3326 participants without 4% OSA, 67.6% (n = 2247) had 3%A only OSA. The ESS score was higher in 3%A only OSA than in those without OSA (7.44 ± 4.2 vs 7.07 ± 4.3, P = 0.02). Of those without 4% OSA, 40.2% (n = 1336) had 3% only OSA. The ESS score was higher in those with 3% only OSA than those with no OSA (7.72 ± 4.3 vs 7.05 ± 4.2, P < 0.001). A linear regression model demonstrated a trend towards significance for the 3%A only AHI as an independent predictor of ESS when controlled for age, BMI, and sex (P = 0.051). The association of 3% only AHI with the ESS was stronger (P = 0.003). However, 23.3% of the participants with hypersomnia would not qualify as having OSA if arousals were excluded from the definition of OSA.
conclusionThe current study found that the presence and severity of OSA is associated with higher ESS scores in persons with 3%A only OSA. Hence, the use of the 4% hypopnea definition will result in the failure to identify and treat a significant number of individuals with OSA who have subjective sleepiness.
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