ArticleAmerican journal of epidemiology2022
Measuring Structural Racism: A Guide for Epidemiologists and Other Health Researchers.
Article in American journal of epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 255 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
255 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Social Determinants of Health and Cardiovascular Disease-Related Outcome Disparities Among Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Pooled it
- Socioeconomic disparities in the postnatal growth of preterm infants: a systematic review.Pediatric research · 2025Pooled it
- Trends in Patient Representation in Low Back Pain Pharmacological Randomized Clinical Trials, 2011 to 2020: A Systematic Review.The journal of pain · 2024Pooled it
- Social Determinants of Dry Eye in the United States: A Systematic Review.American journal of ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- "We adjusted for race": now what? A systematic review of utilization and reporting of race in American Journal of Epidemiology and Epidemiology, 2020-2021.Epidemiologic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review of how social connectedness influences associations between racism and discrimination on health outcomes.Epidemiologic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- LocaliType: Development of locality-based social determinants of health archetypes using census tract data from the UCSF Health Atlas.Wellbeing, space and society · 2026Article
- The Association Between Structural and Social Determinants of Health and Mood Disorder Symptoms Among Black Adults in the Greater St. Louis Metropolitan Area.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Beyond Proxies: Environment, Neighborhood, and Racial Disparities in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Stigma as a Social Determinant of Health: A Policy Classification Framework and Call to Action.The Milbank quarterly · 2026Article
- "This Work Belongs to Everyone": Understanding Health Equity Practitioners' Approaches to Addressing Structural Racism in the Context of Racial Health Equity Practice.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Place-Based Structural Disadvantage, Lethal Police Violence, and Adverse Birth Outcomes Among Black Birthing People.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Linking "Big" Geospatial and Health Data: Implications for Research in Environmental Epidemiology.Environmental health perspectives · 2026Article
- A Multidimensional Approach to Measure Structural Racism and Its Association with Fatal and Nonfatal Community Firearm Violence at the Census Tract Level in New York City.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Manifestations of Anti-Black Racism and Worry About Pregnancy and Birthing While Black: A Cross-sectional Secondary Analysis of Giving Voice to Mothers.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Interrogating Structural Racism When Doing Health Research in Canada: Using the Public Health Critical Race Praxis (PHCRP) as a Guiding Framework.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Race and Ethnicity, Hypertension, and Neuroimaging Markers of Brain Aging: A Causal Mediation Analysis in the HABS-HD Study.Neurology · 2026Article
- The use of race and ethnicity in air pollution epidemiology and methodological recommendations: A scoping review focusing on California.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Review
- Explaining Racial and Ethnic Inequities in SARS-CoV-2-Related Outcomes: Results from a Serosurvey in Chicago.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
195 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
There have been over 100 years of literature discussing the deleterious influence of racism on health. Much of the literature describes racism as a driver of social determinants of health, such as housing, employment, income, and education. More recently, increased attention has been given to measuring the structural nature of a system that advantages one racialized group over others rather than solely relying on individual acknowledgement of racism. Despite these advances, there is still a need for methodological and analytical approaches to complement the aforementioned. This commentary calls on epidemiologists and other health researchers at large to engage the discourse on measuring structural racism. First, we address the conflation between race and racism in epidemiologic research. Next, we offer methodological recommendations (linking of interdisciplinary variables and data sets and leveraging mixed-method and life-course approaches) and analytical recommendations (integration of mixed data, use of multidimensional models) that epidemiologists and other health researchers may consider in health equity research. The goal of this commentary is to inspire the use of up-to-date and theoretically driven approaches to increase discourse among public health researchers on capturing racism as well as to improve evidence of its role as the fundamental cause of racial health inequities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.