ArticleToxins2021
Effects of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Pain among Trigeminal Neuralgia, Myofascial Temporomandibular Disorders, and Oromandibular Dystonia.
Article in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond Conventional Analgesics: Updated Evidence Supporting Botulinum Toxin Type A for-Neuralgia Management.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Pooled it
- Compared to oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine, botulinum toxin type A is a useful therapeutic option for trigeminal neuralgia symptoms: A systematic review.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2024Pooled it
- Trial
- Botulinum Toxin and Percutaneous Needle Electrolysis for the Treatment of Chronic Masticatory Myalgia.Toxins · 2023Trial
- Review
- Effects of IncobotulinumtoxinA in the Infraorbital Nerve Chronic Constriction Injury Model of Trigeminal Pain in Rats.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Factors Influencing the Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin Therapy in Bruxism Management.Toxins · 2025Article
- Pioneering pain management with botulinum toxin type A: From anti-inflammation to regenerative therapies.Heliyon · 2025Review
- Temperature-related atypical first-bite syndrome: a rare case report.Frontiers in oral health · 2025Article
- External Factors Modulating Pain and Pain-Related Functional Impairment in Cervical Dystonia.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Article
- Effects of botulinum toxin type A in patients with painful temporomandibular joint disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin in the Management of Temporomandibular Symptoms Associated with Sleep Bruxism: A Systematic Review.Dentistry journal · 2024Review
- Recent Developments in Engineering Non-Paralytic Botulinum Molecules for Therapeutic Applications.Toxins · 2024Review
- Role of microglia in diabetic neuropathic pain.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- Guillain-Barré Syndrome Presenting With Masticatory Disturbance and Reduction in Bite Force.Cureus · 2023Article
- Non-Surgical Treatments of Trigeminal Neuralgia from the Perspective of a Pain Physician: A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The differences in analgesic effects of botulinum toxin type A were compared in 28 patients with trigeminal neuralgia, 53 patients with myofascial temporomandibular disorders, and 89 patients with the jaw closing oromandibular dystonia. The patients were treated by injection of botulinum toxin type A into the masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid, and other muscles based on the symptoms of each patient. The pain severity was evaluated using the visual analog scale, pain frequency, and pain scale of the oromandibular dystonia rating scale. Botulinum toxin injection was performed 1068 times in all patients without significant adverse effects. The visual analog, pain frequency, and pain scales at baseline were reduced (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.