ArticleToxins2021
Apamin Enhances Neurite Outgrowth and Regeneration after Laceration Injury in Cortical Neurons.
Article in Toxins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bee venom enhances dopaminergic function and behavioral recovery in a murine model of Parkinson's disease.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Article
- JAK/STAT signaling pathway inhibitors in neurodegenerative diseases: current status and future perspectives.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- The Effect of Bee Venom and Melittin on Glioblastoma Cells in Zebrafish Model.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The Anti-Leukemic Potential of Bee Venom.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Neuroprotective Effects of Melittin Against Cerebral Ischemia and Inflammatory Injury via Upregulation of MCPIP1 to Suppress NF-κB Activation In Vivo and In Vitro.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Harnessing the power of bee venom for therapeutic and regenerative medical applications: an updated review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Beneficial Effect of Bee Venom and Its Major Components on Facial Nerve Injury Induced in Mice.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Novel Nanoconjugate of Apamin and Ceftriaxone for Management of Diabetic Wounds.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Pharmacological effects and mechanisms of bee venom and its main components: Recent progress and perspective.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Apamin is a minor component of bee venom and is a polypeptide with 18 amino acid residues. Although apamin is considered a neurotoxic compound that blocks the potassium channel, its neuroprotective effects on neurons have been recently reported. However, there is little information about the underlying mechanism and very little is known regarding the toxicological characterization of other compounds in bee venom. Here, cultured mature cortical neurons were treated with bee venom components, including apamin, phospholipase A2, and the main component, melittin. Melittin and phospholipase A2 from bee venom caused a neurotoxic effect in dose-dependent manner, but apamin did not induce neurotoxicity in mature cortical neurons in doses of up to 10 µg/mL. Next, 1 and 10 µg/mL of apamin were applied to cultivate mature cortical neurons. Apamin accelerated neurite outgrowth and axon regeneration after laceration injury. Furthermore, apamin induced the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin nerve growth factor, as well as regeneration-associated gene expression in mature cortical neurons. Due to its neurotherapeutic effects, apamin may be a promising candidate for the treatment of a wide range of neurological diseases.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.