ArticleVeterinary sciences2021
Prevalence of Reproductive Disorders including Mammary Tumors and Associated Mortality in Female Dogs.
Article in Veterinary sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The association between gonadectomy and timing of gonadectomy, and the risk of canine cranial cruciate ligament disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Veterinary surgery : VS · 2025Pooled it
- A review of spontaneous bone metastases in domestic and laboratory animals.Journal of bone oncology · 2026Review
- The role of epigenetic alterations in canine mammary cancer.The Journal of reproduction and development · 2026Review
- Every Tumour Counts: A Comprehensive Overview of Canine Oncology in Portugal.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- When - and whether - should we spay/neuter companion dogs.The Journal of small animal practice · 2025Review
- Large-scale epidemiological and diagnostic assessment of canine cytology in Portugal: insights from 12,671 retrospective cases.Veterinary world · 2025Article
- Systematic Review: Does Pre-Pubertal Spaying Reduce the Risk of Canine Mammary Tumours?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- A Prospective Study Investigating the Health Outcomes of Bitches Neutered Prepubertally or Post-Pubertally.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Efficacy and outcomes of surgical staples as an alternative to conventional skin closure in canine mastectomy.PloS one · 2025Article
- Risk factor analysis and clinicopathological characteristics of female dogs with mammary tumours from a single-center retrospective study in Poland.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Effect of neutering timing in relation to puberty on health in the female dog-a scoping review.PloS one · 2024Article
- Associations Between Dog Breed and Clinical Features of Mammary Epithelial Neoplasia in Bitches: an Epidemiological Study of Submissions to a Single Diagnostic Pathology Centre Between 2008-2021.Journal of mammary gland biology and neoplasia · 2023Article
- Anticancer effects of alpelisib on PIK3CA-mutated canine mammary tumor cell lines.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2023Article
- The odds of neoplasia in dogs with and without diabetes mellitus.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2022Article
- Clinical, epidemiological, and histopathological aspects of breast cancer in female dogs at Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro Veterinary Hospital.Brazilian journal of veterinary medicine · 2022Article
- Epidemiological Investigation of Canine Mammary Tumors in Mainland China Between 2017 and 2021.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Female dogs, especially intact or neutered lately, are at increased risk for reproductive disorders including mammary tumors (MTs). This retrospective study evaluated the prevalence of reproductive pathology and associated mortality in a cohort of female dogs presented at a single veterinary clinic. The medical records of female dogs born in 2000-2003 were reviewed. The study included 599 cases, of which 293 were followed up until death. Causes of death were analyzed according to the spaying status. Among the 599 female dogs, 306 were intact (51%), 50 (8%) had been spayed before 2 years of age (ES, early spaying), and 243 (41%) after 2 years (LS, late spaying). During their lifetime, 79 dogs (13.2%) developed pyometra, and 160 (26.7%) a mammary tumor. Among the 293 dogs with complete follow-up, 103 (35.1%) had at least one MT during their lifetime, of which 53 (51.5%) died of their mammary cancer. Spayed (ES + LS) female dogs had a 4-fold decreased risk of dying from mammary cancer (OR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.11-0.47,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.