ReviewProteomes2021
Proteomes Are of Proteoforms: Embracing the Complexity.
Review in Proteomes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biological Functions and Applications of Exosomes from Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells.Proteomes · 2026Review
- The "2DE-Pattern" Database for Inventory of Proteoform Profiles: 2026 Upgrade and Update on Outcomes.Proteomes · 2026Article
- Integrative Proteomic Analysis Implicates Inhibition of Intracellular Protein Trafficking in Therapy-Induced Migrastasis in Prostate Cancer.Proteomes · 2026Article
- From Method-Defined Signals to Reference Measurement Procedures: Two Decades of Mass Spectrometry-Based ProGRP Quantification.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- ProteoForge: An Imputation-Aware Framework for Differential Proteoform Discovery in Bottom-Up Proteomics.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Predictive Algal Systems Biology: Integrating Omics, Genome-Scale Metabolic Models, and Machine Learning.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Proteoform medicine: characterizing and targeting protein forms in human disease.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Non-Reducing Proteomics Reveals Disulfide-dependent Proteoform Remodeling Under Oxidative Stress.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2026Article
- Exercise modulation of the alternative splicing landscape in human tissues.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Proteoforms as the true units of physiological function.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Review
- Clinical Proteomics Applied to Food Allergy.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Review
- Next-generation protein sequencing and individual ion mass spectrometry enable complementary analysis of interleukin-6.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2025Article
- Sample Preparation for Multi-Omics Analysis: Considerations and Guidance for Identifying the Ideal Workflow.Proteomics · 2025Review
- Proteomic Characterization of Primary Human Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines Following Long-Term Exposure to Gemcitabine.Proteomes · 2025Article
- In Search of Ideal Solutions for Cancer Diagnosis: From Conventional Methods to Protein Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy.Proteomes · 2025Review
- Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Non-Bleached and Bleached Fragments of the HydrocoralBiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Proteomes are complex-much more so than genomes or transcriptomes. Thus, simplifying their analysis does not simplify the issue. Proteomes are of proteoforms, not canonical proteins. While having a catalogue of amino acid sequences provides invaluable information, this is the Proteome-lite. To dissect biological mechanisms and identify critical biomarkers/drug targets, we must assess the myriad of proteoforms that arise at any point before, after, and between translation and transcription (e.g., isoforms, splice variants, and post-translational modifications [PTM]), as well as newly defined species. There are numerous analytical methods currently used to address proteome depth and here we critically evaluate these in terms of the current 'state-of-the-field'. We thus discuss both pros and cons of available approaches and where improvements or refinements are needed to quantitatively characterize proteomes. To enable a next-generation approach, we suggest that advances lie in transdisciplinarity via integration of current proteomic methods to yield a unified discipline that capitalizes on the strongest qualities of each. Such a necessary (if not revolutionary) shift cannot be accomplished by a continued primary focus on proteo-genomics/-transcriptomics. We must embrace the complexity. Yes, these are the hard questions, and this will not be easy…but where is the fun in easy?
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.