ReviewJournal of functional morphology and kinesiology2021
Indirect Structural Muscle Injuries of Lower Limb: Rehabilitation and Therapeutic Exercise.
Review in Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyric Supplementation in Combination with Conservative Non-Invasive Treatments in Athletes with Patellar Tendinopathy: A Pilot Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Calf Injuries: An Anatomy-Based Approach to Diagnosis, Management and Return to Sport.Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine · 2026Review
- Artificial Intelligence in Sports Medicine: A Decision-Centered Framework for the Future Sports Physician.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Attention-Enhanced Convolutional BiLSTM Model for Predicting Recovery Outcomes in Sports Injuries.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2026Article
- Injury risk analysis of movement restriction and body asymmetry in sports injury prediction.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Muscle or Fascial System Lesion (Part II): The Medial Gastrocnemius and the "Tennis Leg" Paradigm.Cureus · 2025Review
- Review
- Evaluating Intraocular Pressure Alterations during Large Muscle Group Isometric Exercises with Varying Head and Body Positions.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- A criteria-based progressive rehabilitation program for rectus femoris strain in a recreational soccer player: a case report.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Managing Lower Limb Muscle Reinjuries in Athletes: From Risk Factors to Return-to-Play Strategies.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2023Review
- A Comprehensive Review on the Diagnosis of Knee Injury by Deep Learning-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging.Cureus · 2023Review
- Are Football Players More Prone to Muscle Injury after COVID-19 Infection? The "Italian Injury Study" during the Serie a Championship.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The eSports Medicine: Pre-Participation Screening and Injuries Management-An Update.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Selective Functional Movement Assessment (SFMA) Reliability and Proposal of Its Use in Sports.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Exercise Evaluation and Prescription-Second Edition.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2022Article
- Acute Obturator Externus Injury in Professional Soccer Players: A Case Series.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Article
- Fast Functional Rehabilitation Protocol versus Plaster Cast Immobilization Protocol after Achilles Tendon Tenorrhaphy: Is It Different? Clinical, Ultrasonographic, and Elastographic Comparison.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Circadian Variation of Blood Pressure in Patients with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Observational
- Acceptability and Practicality of a Quick Musculoskeletal Examination into Sports Medicine Pre-Participation Evaluation.Pediatric reports · 2022Article
- Efficacy of Radiofrequency as Therapy and Diagnostic Support in the Management of Musculoskeletal Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Muscle injuries are the most common trauma in team and individual sports. The muscles most frequently affected are those of the lower limb, and in particular hamstrings, adductors, rectus femoris and calf muscles. Although several scientific studies have tried to propose different rehabilitation protocols, still too often the real rehabilitation process is not based on scientific knowledge, especially in non-elite athletes. Moreover, the growing use of physical and instrumental therapies has made it increasingly difficult to understand what can be truly effective. Therefore, the aim of the present paper is to review proposed therapeutic algorithms for muscle injuries, proposing a concise and practical summary. Following a three-phase rehabilitation protocol, this review aims to describe the conservative treatment of indirect structural muscle injuries, which are the more routinely found and more challenging type. For each phase, until return to training and return to sport are completed, the functional goal, the most appropriate practitioner, and the best possible treatment according to current evidence are expressed. Finally, the last section is focused on the specific exercise rehabilitation for the four main muscle groups with a structured explanatory timetable.
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Registered trials
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