Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34564126›Full record

ArticleJournal of cardiovascular development and disease2021

Awareness of Rheumatic Heart Disease in Egypt: A National Multicenter Study.

Ahmed Kamal Sayed, Hussien Se'eda, Nael Kamel Eltewacy, Loalo'a El Sherif, Hagar Samy Ghalioub, Ahmed Sayed, Ahmed M Afifi, Hesham S Almoallim, Sulaiman Ali Alharbi, Abdelrahman I Abushouk

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cardiovascular development and disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.8field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Exploring How Rheumatic Fever Is Portrayed on TikTok: A Descriptive Content Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
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  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Ahmed Kamal SayedFaculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61782, Egypt.
Hussien Se'edaFaculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61782, Egypt.
Nael Kamel EltewacyMinia Medical Research Society (MMRS), Minia University, Minia 61782, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0003-0670-4386
Loalo'a El SherifFaculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61782, Egypt.
Hagar Samy GhalioubFaculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia 61782, Egypt.
Ahmed SayedFaculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11591, Egypt.
Ahmed M AfifiMargret M. and Albert B. Alkek Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Hesham S AlmoallimDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
Sulaiman Ali AlharbiDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Abdelrahman I AbushoukDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1399-6487
Minia University · EGAin Shams University · EGKing Saud University · SABaylor College of Medicine · USBeni-Suef University · EGCleveland Clinic · US

Funding

King Saud University RSP-2021/283
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWhile the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in Egypt is relatively high, data on the awareness of Egyptians about the cause of RHD are lacking.

methodsUsing a pre-tested questionnaire, we performed a multicenter survey of outpatients attending 15 university hospitals across Egypt.

resultsA total of 6958 participants were interviewed. Most subjects (81.7%) reported a previous experience of sore throat. Seeking treatment, most patients (69.3%) consulted a medical professional, while the others relied on self/peer medication. Individuals consulting a physician received antibiotics more frequently than those who did not (89.1 vs. 38.7%; OR: 12.4, 95% CI 10.8-14.1). The median RHD knowledge score in our sample was 4 (IQR = 6). While most subjects (56.3%) claimed knowledge of the complications of an untreated sore throat, only a third (34%) were aware of the association between sore throat and RHD. In a multivariate analysis, older age (Mean Difference [MD]: 1.58, 95% CI 1.37-1.79), female gender (MD: 0.89, 95% CI 0.75-1.04), higher education (MD: 1.10, 95% CI 0.90-1.30), and being interviewed outside Cairo (MD: 0.67, 95% CI 0.51-0.82) were significant predictors of knowledge about RHD.

conclusionThe current study showed low levels of awareness on the cause of RHD among Egyptians and highlights a pressing need for interventions to address this public knowledge gap.

Indexed as

Egyptknowledgerheumatic feverrheumatic heart diseasesurvey

Identifiers

PMID34564126
PMCPMC8466231
OpenAlexW3198183599

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.