SynthesisThe British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery2021
Oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.
Synthesis in The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evolving aspects of oral care in modern nursing: a systematic review.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Oral manifestations of COVID-19 and its management in pediatric patients: A systematic review and practical guideline.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence, Features and Degree of Association of Oral Lesions in COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review.The British journal of oral & maxillofacial surgery · 2021Pooled it
- SARS-CoV-2 nonspike structural proteins hijack mucosa epithelial cell fate.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Oral hygiene influence on the incidence and severity of oral manifestations in Coronavirus Disease 2019.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Oral Manifestations in COVID-19-Diagnosed Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Kerala.Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery · 2024Article
- Pathological changes in oral epithelium and the expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry receptors, ACE2 and furin.PloS one · 2024Article
- Peri-implantitis and systemic inflammation: A critical update.The Saudi dental journal · 2023Review
- Oral Manifestations in Children Diagnosed with COVID-19: A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- A reflection on COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesion: a systematic review.Frontiers in oral health · 2023Review
- The Oral Lesion in the COVID-19 Patient: Is It True Oral Manifestation or Not?Infection and drug resistance · 2023Review
- TASTE DISORDERS AND XEROSTOMIA ARE HIGHLY PREVALENT IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19.The journal of evidence-based dental practice · 2022Article
- Bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers on oral mucosal lesions in COVID-19: Trends and impact in medical literature.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 is a new disease that presents mainly with respiratory symptoms. However, it can present with a multitude of signs and symptoms that affect various body systems and several oral manifestations have also been reported. We carried out a systematic review to explore the types of oral mucosal lesions that have been reported in the COVID-19-related literature up to 25 March 2021. A structured electronic database search using Medline, Embase, and CINAHL, as well as a grey literature search using Google Scholar, revealed a total of 322 studies. After the removal of duplicates and completion of the primary and secondary filtering processes, 12 studies were included for final appraisal. In patients with COVID-19 infection, we identified several different types of oral mucosal lesions at various locations within the oral cavity. Most of the studies appraised had a high risk of bias according to the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. The current published literature does not allow differentiation as to whether the oral lesions were caused by the viral infection itself, or were related to oral manifestations secondary to existing comorbidities or the treatment instigated to combat the disease. It is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the possible link between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions, and we hereby discuss our findings.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.