Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34561556›Full record

ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2022

The financial burden experienced by families of preterm infants after NICU discharge.

Ashwini Lakshmanan, Ashley Y Song, Mandy B Belfort, Leah Yieh, Dmitry Dukhovny, Philippe S Friedlich, Cynthia L Gong

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Unconditional cash transfers to low-income preterm infants and their families: a pilot randomized controlled trial.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025
    Trial
  5. Biomechanical function of the murine cervix with elastic fiber deficiency.Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials · 2026
    Article
  6. Who pays the most for neonatal intensive care? An analysis of the out-of-pocket cost burden borne by NICU families.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
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  9. Observational
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  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Prevalence, predictors, and patterns of residential mobility by the parents of preterm infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
    Article
  14. Continuum of care for patients through medical-legal partnership: improving the transition from NICU stay to home.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ashwini LakshmananFetal and Neonatal Medicine Institute, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. alakshmanan@chla.usc.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-8259-1905
Ashley Y SongDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Mandy B BelfortDepartment of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Leah YiehFetal and Neonatal Medicine Institute, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6640-971X
Dmitry DukhovnyDivision of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3327-2996
Philippe S FriedlichFetal and Neonatal Medicine Institute, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Cynthia L GongFetal and Neonatal Medicine Institute, Division of Neonatal Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0159-1335

Funding

Mentored Career DevelopmentKL2TR001854 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Elizabeth Rhea Erwin Burner, Amy Elizabeth West · 2016 to 2026
$9.0M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001854
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesDescribe the financial burden and worry that families of preterm infants experience after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).

methodsWe surveyed 365 parents of preterm infants in a cross-sectional study regarding socio-demographics, supplemental security income (SSI), and financial worry. We completed a multivariable logistic regression model to examine the adjusted association of financial worry with modifiable factors.

resultsWe found that 53% of participants worried about healthcare costs after NICU discharge. After adjusting for socio-demographic and infant characteristics, we identified that, aOR (95% CI), out-of-pocket costs from the NICU index hospitalization, 3.51 (1.7, 7.26) and durable medical equipment use, 2.41 (1.11, 5.23) was associated with increased financial worry while enrollment in SSI, 0.38 (0.19, 0.76) was associated with decreased financial worry.

conclusionsWe identified factors that could contribute to financial burden after NICU discharge that may advise future work to target financial support systems.

Indexed as

Infant, PrematureIntensive Care Units, NeonatalCross-Sectional StudiesFinancial StressHumansInfantInfant, NewbornPatient Discharge

Identifiers

PMID34561556
PMCPMC8460846

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.