ArticleDiagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey)2021
High-dose interleukin-2 therapy related adverse events and implications on imaging.
Article in Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rewiring STAT signaling from the cell surface with Trikine immunotherapeutics.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Non-specific Protein and Peptide Antibacterial Factors of Mammals.The protein journal · 2026Review
- Safety toxicology of an IL-2 'no-alpha' mutein in the Sprague-Dawley rat following repeated dosing via intravenous administration.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy-related neurotoxicity in the central nervous system of children with cancer.Neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- Current Landscape and Future Directions in Cancer Immunotherapy: Therapies, Trials, and Challenges.Cancers · 2025Review
- Natural killer cells in neuroblastoma: immunological insights and therapeutic perspectives.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2024Review
- Identification of PI3K-AKT Pathway-Related Genes and Construction of Prognostic Prediction Model for ccRCC.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Phase I Study of Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) with or without Atezolizumab in Japanese Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors.Cancer research communications · 2024Article
- Pharmacological Triggers of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy: An Updated Review of Evidence and Recommendations.Current cardiology reviews · 2024Review
- Reigniting hope in cancer treatment: the promise and pitfalls of IL-2 and IL-2R targeting strategies.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High-dose interleukin-2 (HDIL-2) therapy was initially approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) and metastatic melanoma. IL-2 is able to promote CD8+ T cell and natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity to increase tumoricidal activity of the innate immune system. HDIL-2 therapy is associated with a wide spectrum of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that can be radiologically identified. HDIL-2 toxicity can manifest in multiple organ systems, most significantly leading to cardiovascular, abdominal, endocrine, and neurological adverse events. The collective impact of the irAEs and the rise of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors led to the demise of HDIL-2 as a primary therapy for mRCC and metastatic melanoma. However, with innovation in ICIs and the creation of mutant IL-2 conjugates, there has been a drive for combination therapy. Knowledge of the HDIL-2 therapy and HDIL-2 related adverse events with radiology relevance is critical in diagnostic image interpretation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.