Observational studyObesity surgery2021
Effectiveness and Safety of a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet on Weight Regain Following Bariatric Surgery.
Observational study in Obesity surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypocaloric low-carbohydrate versus low-fat diets on flow-mediated dilation, blood pressure, cardiovascular biomarkers, and body composition in individuals with overweight or obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Conversion Bariatric Surgery, Ketogenic Diet, and Intermittent Fasting in Bariatric Surgery Patients with Recurrent Weight Gain: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.Obesity surgery · 2026Trial
- The ketogenic diet is not for everyone: contraindications, side effects, and drug interactions.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Obesity, Bariatric Surgery, and Cancer Risk: Nutritional Perspectives and Long-Term Clinical Implications.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Advancing Obesity Management: the Very Low-Energy Ketogenic therapy (VLEKT) as an Evolution of the "Traditional" Ketogenic Diet.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Impact of a very low-calorie ketogenic diet on metabolic and microbiota outcomes in post-bariatric patients and bariatric-Naïve individuals: A comparative pilot study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Article
- Nutritional strategies in abdominal surgery: the potential of ketogenic diet.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Nutritional Considerations During Major Weight Loss Therapy: Focus on Optimal Protein and a Low-Carbohydrate Dietary Pattern.Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
- Ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT)-a multi-step dietary model with meal replacements for the management of obesity and its related metabolic disorders: a consensus statement from the working group of the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)-diet therapies in endocrinology and metabolism.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Article
- Efficacy, feasibility and tolerability of ketogenic diet for the treatment of poor response to bariatric surgery.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Predictors of weight loss in patients with obesity treated with a Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeObesity is one of the major public health problems worldwide and bariatric surgery is considered the gold standard treatment for severe obesity. Although the literature supports the safety and efficacy of the very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) in patients with obesity, there is no study analyzing the use in case of failure or weight regain after bariatric surgery. This work has the purpose of assessing the response to a VLCKD (Pnk® method) in this population.
methodsWe have conducted an observational, retrospective, and descriptive study with the analysis of medical charts of private offices where patients were examined between 2014 and 2019, totalizing 11 participants who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) without a reduction of 50% in body weight excess or any weight regain after the surgery. The patients followed the first stage of a commercial weight loss program (Pnk® method) which consists of a VLCKD (600-800 kcal/day), low in carbohydrates and lipids.
resultsA significant reduction was observed (p-value < 0.05) in weight, body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference (AC), and glycated hemoglobin (A1C) post-ketogenic diet. Uric acid, transaminases, urea, and creatinine values did not show differences between pre- and post-ketosis. During the course of the study, no serious adverse events were reported.
conclusionThis study has shown that the ketogenic diet can be recommended as an effective and safe treatment for patients who progressed with insufficient weight loss or regain after bariatric surgery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.