ReviewFaculty reviews2021
Recent advances in understanding the role of IL-4 signaling.
Review in Faculty reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
103 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of IL-4Rα Inhibitors for Atopic Dermatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.The Australasian journal of dermatology · 2026Pooled it
- Health Benefits of Palm Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Nutrition reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Integrated Clinical Trial and Molecular Profiling Reveals Immune Drivers of Chronic Hand Eczema.Allergy · 2026Trial
- Beverage-Specific Modulation of Urinary Inflammatory Biomarkers After Endurance Running in Trained Males.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Low-dose interleukin-2 in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease: a randomized clinical trial.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Trial
- Evaluation of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SM17 in healthy volunteers: results from pre-clinical models and a first-in-human, randomized, double blinded clinical trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Trial
- Vascularized human skin assembloids model compartmental skin organization and immune responsiveness in vitro.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Differential Effects of Dupilumab in a Patient With Localized Heat Urticaria, Delayed Solar Urticaria, and Symptomatic Dermographism.The Journal of dermatology · 2026Article
- Development of a cross-protective subunit cocktail vaccine against diverse serotypes of Glaesserella parasuis infection in pigs.Veterinary research · 2026Article
- Improving In Vitro Antibody Production Using Synthetic Peptide Derived from RhD Loops.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester, cardiac metabolomic and lipidomic signatures, and cardioprotection in myocardial infarction.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Bacterial-based cancer therapy: mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Review
- Intraoperative Cytokines and Postcraniotomy Infection in Benign Brain Tumors: An Exploratory Prospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The Pro-Inflammatory Action of Different Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns in Porcine Hepatic and Intestinal Cell Cultures.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Discovery and Characterization of Interleukin-4-Specific Affibodies for Affinity-Controlled Protein Release and Macrophage Polarization.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Progress in Designing Cytokine Antagonist Antibodies for Cancer Therapy.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Endocrine Autoimmunity and Inflammatory Signatures in Pediatric Celiac Disease: Context-Dependent Patterns.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond Triple Therapy: Anti-Type 2 Biologic Therapies for Eosinophilic COPD and Respiratory Comorbidities - a Review of Clinical Evidence.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Multi-dimensional plasma proteomic profiling elucidates molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological networks in pediatric severe traumatic brain injury.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a four-α-helical bundle type I cytokine with broad pleiotropic actions on multiple lineages. Major actions of IL-4 were initially discovered for B and T cells, but this cytokine acts on more than a dozen different target cells spanning the innate and adaptive immune systems and is produced by multiple different cellular sources. While IL-4 was discovered just under 40 years ago in 1982, the interest in and discoveries related to this cytokine continue to markedly expand. There are important new advances related to its biological actions and to its mechanisms of signaling, including critical genes and downstream targets in a range of cell types. IL-4 is critical not only for careful control of immunoglobulin production but also related to inflammation, fibrosis, allergic reactions, and antitumor activity, with actions of IL-4 occurring through two different types of receptors, one of which is also used by IL-13, a closely related cytokine with partially overlapping actions. In this review, we cover critical older information but also highlight newer advances. An area of evolving interest relates to the therapeutic blockade of IL-4 signaling pathway to treat atopic dermatitis and asthma. Thus, this cytokine is historically important, and research in this area has both elucidated major biological pathways and led to therapeutic advances for diseases that affect millions of individuals.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.