ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2021
Socioeconomic inequalities in the incidence of alcohol-related liver disease: A nationwide Danish study.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol-associated liver disease in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Hepatology communications · 2024Pooled it
- Global prevalence, incidence, and outcomes of alcohol related liver diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Social and Functional Risk Patterns and All-Cause Mortality Among US Adults with Chronic Liver Disease.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Excess mortality from cirrhosis by neighbourhood deprivation, aetiology, and clinical presentation: a Swedish register-based cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- The global cardiovascular-liver-metabolic syndemic: epidemiology, trends and challenges.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2026Review
- Identifying 20 homogeneous clusters of acute patients discharged with nonspecific diagnoses through k-prototypes mixed data clustering.BMC emergency medicine · 2026Observational
- The burden of extrahepatic organ failures in European patients with cirrhosis.Hepatology communications · 2025Article
- Synergistic toxicity in alcohol-associated liver disease and PFAS exposure.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Review
- Burden of Alcohol-Related Liver Disease and Alcohol Use Disorder in Asia.United European gastroenterology journal · 2025Article
- "The alcohol-harm paradox": Understanding socioeconomic inequalities in liver disease.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Review
- Socioeconomic inequalities in diagnostics, care and survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma in Sweden: a nationwide cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Disparities in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Hospital Encounters Amongst a Texas-Based Cohort of Patients.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of an outreach program for HCC screening in patients with cirrhosis: a microsimulation modeling study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Increased mortality from alcohol use disorder, alcohol-associated liver disease, and liver cancer from alcohol among older adults in the United States: 2000 to 2021.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2025Article
- Health disparities in cirrhosis care and liver transplantation.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Prediction of major liver-related events in the population using prognostic models.Gastroenterology report · 2025Review
- Obstructive sleep apnoea and risk of dementia: a Danish population-based cohort study.BMJ neurology open · 2025Article
- From detection to intervention, optimizing care for patients with alcohol use disorder and advanced hepatic fibrosis.Alcohol, clinical & experimental research · 2024Article
- The burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver disease in the middle east and North Africa (MENA) region over three decades.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Food inequity and insecurity and MASLD: burden, challenges, and interventions.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is socio-economic inequality in total alcohol-related harm, but knowledge of inequality in the incidence of specific alcohol-related diseases would be beneficial for prevention. Registry-based studies with nationwide coverage may reveal the full burden of socioeconomic inequality compared to what can be captured in questionnaire-based studies. We examined the incidence of alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) according to socioeconomic status and age.
methodsWe used national registries to identify patients with an incident diagnosis of ALD and their socioeconomic status in 2009-2018 in Denmark. We computed ALD incidence rates by socioeconomic status (education and employment status) and age-group (30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69 years) and quantified the inequalities as the absolute and relative difference in incidence rates between low and high socioeconomic status.
findingsOf 17,473 patients with newly diagnosed ALD, 78% of whom had cirrhosis, 86% had a low or medium-low educational level and only 20% were employed. ALD patients were less likely to be employed in the 10 years prior to diagnosis than controls. The incidence rate of ALD correlated inversely with educational level, from 181 (95% CI, 167-197) to 910 (95% CI, 764-1086) per million person-years from the highest to the lowest educational level. By employment status, the incidence rate per million person-years was 211 (95% CI, 189-236) for employed and 3449 (95% CI, 2785-4271) for unemployed. Incidence rates increased gradually with age leading to larger inequalities in absolute numbers for older age-groups. Although ALD was rare in the younger age-groups, the relative differences in incidence rates between high and low socioeconomic status were large for these ages. The pattern of socioeconomic inequality in ALD incidence was similar for men and women.
interpretationThis study showed substantial socioeconomic inequalities in ALD incidence for people aged 30-69 years.
fundingThe study was supported by grants from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF18OC0054612) and the Research Fund of Bispebjerg Hospital.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.