Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34556964›Full record

ReviewAnnals of neurosciences2020

Comparison of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises, Volume, and Flow-Oriented Incentive Spirometry on Respiratory Function in Stroke Subjects: A Non-randomized Study.

Natasha Shetty, Stephen Rajan Samuel, Gopala Krishna Alaparthi, Sampath Kumar Amaravadi, Abraham M Joshua, Shivanand Pai

Registry-linked trialOpen access · diamondAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of neurosciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07365163 (Comparative Effects of Deep Breathing Exercises and Volume-oriented Incentive Spirometry on Dyspnea, Functional Endurance, and Pulmonary Function During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy), which is not on this map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07365163 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Comparative Effects of Deep Breathing Exercises and Volume-oriented Incentive Spirometry on Dyspnea, Functional Endurance, and Pulmonary Function During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of LahoreRan2025 to 2025Enrolled36ConditionsDyspnea During Pregnancy, Physiological Changes in Pregnancy, Reduced Functional EnduranceArmsDeep Breathing Exercises, Volume-Oriented Incentive Spirometry
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
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  5. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Natasha ShettyDepartment of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.
Stephen Rajan SamuelDepartment of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4744-0180
Gopala Krishna AlaparthiDepartment of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Sampath Kumar AmaravadiDepartment of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4744-0180
Abraham M JoshuaDepartment of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.
Shivanand PaiDepartment of Neurology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.
Manipal Academy of Higher Education · INGulf Medical University · AEUniversity of Sharjah · AE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Abstract.

backgroundReduced respiratory muscle strength leads to reduced pulmonary function, chest wall movements in the affected side, and increased chest infections, which thereby reduces oxygenation and ventilation. Respiratory muscle training can be used in acute stroke subjects to increase their pulmonary function. PURPOSE: To compare the short-term effects of diaphragmatic breathing exercise, flow, and volume-oriented incentive spirometry on respiratory function following stroke.

methodsA non-randomized hospital-based study was conducted at Kasturba Medical College Hospitals, Mangalore, India. Forty-two sub-acute subjects of either gender, with the first episode of stroke within six months, were assigned to three groups by the consultant, i.e., diaphragmatic breathing group (DBE), Flow oriented-incentive spirometry group (FIS), and volume oriented-incentive spirometry group (VIS;

resultsThe pulmonary function and maximal respiratory pressures were found to be significantly increased by the end of intervention in all three groups, but FIS and DBE groups had better results than VIS (FVC = FIS group, 13.71%; VIS group, 14.89%; DBE group, 21.27%, FEV

conclusionEven though all interventions had positive outcomes in all variables, flow incentive spirometry had better results across all outcomes (pulmonary function and maximal respiratory pressures) when compared to the other two interventions making it a valuable tool for stroke rehabilitation.

Indexed as

Acute strokeDiaphragmatic breathing exerciseMaximal respiratory pressuresPulmonary functionVolume and flow incentive spirometry

Identifiers

PMID34556964
PMCPMC8454997
OpenAlexW3138215575

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.