Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34556869›Full record

ArticleNature structural & molecular biology2021

Structures of outer-arm dynein array on microtubule doublet reveal a motor coordination mechanism.

Qinhui Rao, Long Han, Yue Wang, Pengxin Chai, Yin-Wei Kuo, Renbin Yang, Fangheng Hu, Yuchen Yang, Jonathon Howard, Kai Zhang

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature structural & molecular biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. A Compound Heterozygous Missense Variant in TheInternational journal of fertility & sterility · 2026
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  5. Atomic models of the Toxoplasma cell invasion machinery.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026
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  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. The mechanochemical cycle of reactive full-length human dynein 1.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. InhaledProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Qinhui Rao *Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Long Han *Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Yue Wang *Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Pengxin Chai *Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9702-978X
Yin-Wei KuoDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Renbin YangDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Fangheng HuDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Yuchen YangDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Jonathon HowardDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Kai ZhangDepartment of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. jack.zhang@yale.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8617-2855
Yale University · US

Funding

Structural basis of dynein-driven ciliary motilityR35GM142959 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI ZHANG, KAI JACK · 2021 to 2025
$2.3M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM142959
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thousands of outer-arm dyneins (OADs) are arrayed in the axoneme to drive a rhythmic ciliary beat. Coordination among multiple OADs is essential for generating mechanical forces to bend microtubule doublets (MTDs). Using electron microscopy, we determined high-resolution structures of Tetrahymena thermophila OAD arrays bound to MTDs in two different states. OAD preferentially binds to MTD protofilaments with a pattern resembling the native tracks for its distinct microtubule-binding domains. Upon MTD binding, free OADs are induced to adopt a stable parallel conformation, primed for array formation. Extensive tail-to-head (TTH) interactions between OADs are observed, which need to be broken for ATP turnover by the dynein motor. We propose that OADs in an array sequentially hydrolyze ATP to slide the MTDs. ATP hydrolysis in turn relaxes the TTH interfaces to effect free nucleotide cycles of downstream OADs. These findings lead to a model explaining how conformational changes in the axoneme produce coordinated action of dyneins.

Indexed as

Adenosine TriphosphateCryoelectron MicroscopyDyneinsMicrotubulesModels, MolecularTetrahymena thermophilaAdenosine TriphosphateDyneins

Identifiers

PMID34556869
PMCPMC8500839
OpenAlexW3200974226

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.