ArticleThe ISME journal2022
Incomplete tricarboxylic acid cycle and proton gradient in Pandoravirus massiliensis: is it still a virus?
Article in The ISME journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Why did some viruses evolve to be giants while others did not?Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Horizontal transfer of a 180-kbp genomic fraction among the largest viral genomes.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- A dinoflagellate-infecting giant virus with a micron-length tail.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
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- Cytochrome b5 occurrence in giant and other viruses belonging to the phylum Nucleocytoviricota.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Host-Calibrated Time Tree Caps the Age of Giant Viruses.Molecular biology and evolution · 2025Article
- PoRVA G9P[23] and G5P[7] infections differentially promote PEDV replication by reprogramming glutamine metabolism.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Structure-function analysis of an ancient TsaD-TsaC-SUA5-TcdA modular enzyme reveals a prototype of tRNA t6A and ct6A synthetases.Nucleic acids research · 2023Article
- Virologs, viral mimicry, and virocell metabolism: the expanding scale of cellular functions encoded in the complex genomes of giant viruses.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2023Article
- Natural carbon fixation and advances in synthetic engineering for redesigning and creating new fixation pathways.Journal of advanced research · 2023Review
- Editorial: Using virus specific-signatures during infection to characterize host-pathogen interactions.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- Giant virus biology and diversity in the era of genome-resolved metagenomics.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2022Review
- Giant Viruses as a Source of Novel Enzymes for Biotechnological Application.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Comparative genomic and biochemical analyses identify a collagen galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase from Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Viral Complexity.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
- Viruses Defined by the Position of the Virosphere within the Replicator Space.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2021Article
- High Transcriptional Activity and Diverse Functional Repertoires of Hundreds of Giant Viruses in a Coastal Marine System.mSystems · 2021Article
- Rhizomal Reclassification of Living Organisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The discovery of Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus, the first isolated giant virus of amoeba, challenged the historical hallmarks defining a virus. Giant virion sizes are known to reach up to 2.3 µm, making them visible by optical microscopy. Their large genome sizes of up to 2.5 Mb can encode proteins involved in the translation apparatus. We have investigated possible energy production in Pandoravirus massiliensis. Mitochondrial membrane markers allowed for the detection of a membrane potential in purified virions and this was enhanced by a regulator of the tricarboxylic acid cycle but abolished by the use of a depolarizing agent. Bioinformatics was employed to identify enzymes involved in virion proton gradient generation and this approach revealed that eight putative P. massiliensis proteins exhibited low sequence identities with known cellular enzymes involved in the universal tricarboxylic acid cycle. Further, all eight viral genes were transcribed during replication. The product of one of these genes, ORF132, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli, and shown to function as an isocitrate dehydrogenase, a key enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Our findings show for the first time that a membrane potential can exist in Pandoraviruses, and this may be related to tricarboxylic acid cycle. The presence of a proton gradient in P. massiliensis makes this virus a form of life for which it is legitimate to ask the question "what is a virus?".
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.