ArticleKorean journal of orthodontics2021
External apical root resorption 6 months after initiation of orthodontic treatment: A randomized clinical trial comparing fixed appliances and orthodontic aligners.
Article in Korean journal of orthodontics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Root resorption caused by aligners, self-ligating appliances, and conventional fixed appliances: a CBCT-based meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2025Pooled it
- Root resorption in clear aligner treatment detected by CBCT: a Systematic review and Meta-analysis.International dental journal · 2024Pooled it
- Quantifying Root Resorption on the Incisors After Clear Aligner and Fixed Appliance Therapy Using Artificial Intelligence Tool Based CBCT Surface Models: Randomized Clinical Trial.Orthodontics & craniofacial research · 2026Trial
- Patient compliance with braces vs. Invisalign®: a secondary data analysis from a randomized clinical trial.Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB · 2025Trial
- Three-Dimensional Analysis of Maxillary Incisor Root Resorption Associated With Three Distinct Anterior Retraction Protocols: A Retrospective Study.International journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Resorption of roots in conventional braces versus advanced aligners: A comparative study.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- External Apical Root Resorption Following Orthodontic Treatment with Clear Aligners Versus Fixed Appliances: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- The Effect of Clear Aligners on Root Length in Endodontically Treated Teeth: A Systematic Review of Split-Mouth Studies.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Moringa oleifera L. Nanosuspension Extract Administration Affects Heat Shock Protein-10 and -70 under Orthodontics Mechanical Force In Vivo.European journal of dentistry · 2025Article
- Panoramic evaluation of external root resorption in mandibular molars during orthodontic treatment: a comparison between root-filled and vital teeth treated with fixed appliances or clear aligners.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- A newly developed kit for dental apical root resorption detection: efficacy and acceptability.BMC oral health · 2024Article
- Comparative assessment of external apical root resorption between subjects treated with clear aligners and fixed orthodontic appliances: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of dental research, dental clinics, dental prospects · 2024Review
- Orthodontically induced external apical root resorption with clear aligners compared to fixed appliance treatment: An umbrella review.Journal of oral biology and craniofacial researchReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the magnitude of external apical root resorption (EARR) 6 months after starting orthodontic treatment using orthodontic aligners (OAs) and fixed appliances (FAs).
methodsThis parallel randomized clinical trial included 40 patients randomized into two groups: OA group (n = 20, 160 incisors) and FA group (n = 20, 160 incisors). For evaluation of the tooth length, periapical radiographs and standardized linear measurements of the maxillary and mandibular incisors were acquired before (T0) and 6 months after treatment initiation (T1). EARR was calculated through the difference in length between the two time points (T1-T0). Statistical comparisons were performed by means of using
resultsRounding of the root apex was observed in both groups; the resorption involved 2.88% of the root length, so 97.12% of the tooth length remained intact. Intragroup comparisons between the two time points revealed a significant difference, with (T1-T0) ranging from -0.52 to -0.88 mm in the FA group and from -0.52 to -0.85 mm in the OA group. In the intergroup comparisons, only tooth #21 presented a statistically significant difference (OA: -0.52 ± 0.57 mm, FA: -0.86 ± 0.60 mm); however, the overall differences between groups were not clinically relevant, ranging from 0.03 to 0.35 mm.
conclusionsOA and FA treatment resulted in a similar degree of EARR in the maxillary and mandibular incisors at 6 months after treatment initiation. However, the amount of resorption was small and does not impair tooth longevity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.