ArticleBJPsych open2021
Maternal and paternal depression and child mental health trajectories: evidence from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.
Article in BJPsych open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- The role of social safety schemas in the persistence of mental health difficulties during adolescence.The British journal of clinical psychology · 2026Article
- Virtual reality for the treatment of perinatal mental health: a rapid scoping review.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Trajectories of psychosocial functioning across maltreatment levels: A group-based modeling approach to resilience.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Intergenerational continuity of depressive symptoms: genetic and environmental pathways.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Parental psychiatric disorders and age-specific risk for offspring major depression: Finnish nationwide register-based study.Psychological medicine · 2025Article
- Longitudinal associations between parental mental health and the duration of visual attention and facial expressions during at-home parent-infant interactions: a UK birth cohort study.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Strengthening perinatal mental health is a requirement to reduce maternal and newborn mortality.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2024Article
- Long-Term Maternal and Child Outcomes Following Postnatal SSRI Treatment.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Longitudinal associations between paternal mental health and child behavior and cognition in middle childhood.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- The transition to parenthood in obstetrics: enhancing prenatal care for 2-generation impact.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2022Review
- Costs of common perinatal mental health problems in South Africa.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- Prenatal maternal stress and offspring aggressive behavior: Intergenerational and transgenerational inheritance.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe relationships between offspring depression profiles across adolescence and different timings of parental depression during the perinatal period remain unknown.
aimsTo explore different timings of maternal and paternal perinatal depression in relation to patterns of change in offspring depressive mood over a 14 year period.
methodData were obtained from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Parental antenatal depression (ANTD) was assessed at 18 weeks gestation, and postnatal depression (PNTD) at 8 weeks postpartum. Population-averaged trajectories of offspring depressive symptoms were estimated using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) on nine occasions between 10 and 24 years of age.
resultsFull data were available for 5029 individuals. Offspring exposed to both timings of maternal depression had higher depressive symptoms across adolescence compared with offspring not exposed to ANTD or PNTD, characterised by higher depressive symptoms at age 16 (7.07 SMFQ points (95% CI = 6.19, 7.95; P < 0.001)) and a greater rate of linear change (0.698 SMFQ points (95% CI = 0.47, 0.93; P = 0.002)). Isolated maternal ANTD and to a lesser extent PNTD were also both associated with higher depressive symptoms at age 16, yet isolated maternal PNTD showed greater evidence for an increased rate of linear change across adolescence. A similar pattern was observed for paternal ANTD and PNTD, although effect sizes were attenuated.
conclusionsThis study adds to the literature demonstrating that exposure to two timings of maternal depression (ANTD and PNTD) is strongly associated with greater offspring trajectories of depressive symptoms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.