Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34555991›Full record

ArticleAnnals of medicine2021

Association between COVID-19 and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors with the spotlight on zinc: an opinion.

Bashar Khiatah, Amylee Amos, Deborah Carlson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 55% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Bashar KhiatahDepartment of Internal Medicine, Community Memorial Hospital, Ventura, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6870-8094
Amylee AmosAmos Institute, Ventura, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9164-9582
Deborah CarlsonProgram Director, Internal Medicine Department, Community Memorial Hospital, Ventura, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6392-3337
Memorial Hospital · USAmos Enterprise (China) · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the setting of the raging COVID-19 pandemic, the search for innovative therapeutics is desperately sought after. As we learn more about the characteristics and metabolic health of patients and as our understanding of COVID-19 pathophysiology and treatment progresses, so is our understanding of medication effects that might increase disease severity. As of late, ACE inhibitors have been under investigation for a potential increase in illness severity due to ACE2 upregulation. Given our knowledge of other nutrient-pharmaceutical interactions, could the ACE inhibitor impact on COVID be due to something else? In this paper, we discuss the possibility that ACE inhibitors might be affecting COVID-19 patients by causing zinc insufficiency.KEY MESSAGESZinc deficiency caused by chronic ACE inhibitor usage may exacerbate the pathogenicity of COVID-19 in susceptible patients.A multi-center study is needed to assess the zinc levels of patients with COVID-19 who are taking ACE inhibitors and other medications that may result in low zinc levels.

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsCOVID-19Drug InteractionsFemaleHumansMaleNutritional StatusPharmaceutical PreparationsRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness IndexZincAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme InhibitorsPharmaceutical PreparationsZincACEICOVID-19Critical CareNutritionSARS-CoV-2Zinc

Identifiers

PMID34555991
PMCPMC8475113
OpenAlexW3199340870

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.