Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34555957›Full record

ArticleToxicologic pathology2021

Phthalate Toxicity in Rats and Its Relation to Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome in Humans.

Cynthia J Willson

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxicologic pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Endocrine Disrupting Agents: Toxicological Aspects on Male Reproduction.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025
    Review
  2. Use ofFrontiers in toxicology · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Cynthia J Willson298616Integrated Laboratory Systems, LLC, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0942-3723
Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc. · US

Funding

Intramural NIH HHS Z99 ES999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This work describes the relevance of toxicology studies of environmental chemicals, with a focus on phthalates, for a hypothesis that certain human male reproductive disorders and diseases have a common etiology of disturbance of normal development in utero. The "Testicular Dysgenesis Syndrome" hypothesis in humans has parallels in male reproductive tract abnormalities and microscopic lesions reported for phthalate toxicity in rats. Additionally, this work describes the histological findings of abnormal testicular development (testicular dysgenesis) in rats as compared to those in humans, as well as potential findings in rats at different ages, from the embryo to the adult.

Indexed as

Gonadal DysgenesisPhthalic AcidsTesticular DiseasesAnimalsDibutyl PhthalateHumansMaleRatsTestisDibutyl Phthalatephthalic acidPhthalic Acidsdysgenesismaldevelopmentmalephthalatereproductivetesticular dysgenesis syndrometestis

Identifiers

PMID34555957
PMCPMC8563428
OpenAlexW3200751676

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.