ArticleBone & joint open2021
Effectiveness of interventions for the management of primary frozen shoulder : a systematic review of randomized trials.
Article in Bone & joint open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06939530 (Comparision of Hydrodilatation Results at Different Volumes in Adhesive Capsulitis by Phases.), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Comparision of Hydrodilatation Results at Different Volumes in Adhesive Capsulitis by Phases.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- A methodological assessment of randomization integrity in alteplase for acute ischemic stroke individual patient data meta-analyses.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of hydrodilatation in frozen shoulder: a systematic review and meta-analysis.British medical bulletin · 2023Pooled it
- Manipulation under Anesthesia versus Non-Surgical Treatment for Patients with Frozen Shoulder Contracture Syndrome: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Positive effects of neuromuscular exercises on pain and active range of motion in idiopathic frozen shoulder: a randomized controlled trial.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2023Trial
- Comparative Outcome Analysis of Leukocyte-Rich Platelet-rich Plasma, Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-rich Plasma, Injectable Platelet-rich Fibrin and Corticosteroid Injections in Periarthritis of the Shoulder: A Double-Blinded, Four-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of orthopaedic case reports · 2026Article
- Immune Cell Causality and Glucocorticoid Trade-Off in Frozen Shoulder: Integrative MR-RNA-Seq Analysis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Outcomes of secondary interventions in treatment of post-traumatic stiff shoulder in conservatively managed proximal humeral fractures: a scoping review.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Review
- Ultrasound-guided intra-articular steroid injection or ultrasound-guided suprascapular notch steroid injection for frozen shoulder? A sequential comparative study with a 1-year follow-up.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2026Article
- Postoperative Stiffness After Upper Limb Surgery: Prevention and Management.Orthopedic reviews · 2026Article
- Article
- Effects of Hydrodilatation at Different Volumes on Adhesive Capsulitis in Phases 1 and 2: Clinical Trial Protocol HYCAFVOL.Clinics and practice · 2025Article
- Implementing evidence into practice for the management of frozen shoulder: engaging with key stakeholders and evaluating barriers and facilitators using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.Health research policy and systems · 2025Article
- Drug Repurposing for Frozen Shoulder; a Bioinformatics Meta-Analysis.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2025Article
- Patient experiences of hydrodistension as a treatment for frozen shoulder: A longitudinal qualitative study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of manipulation under brachial plexus block versus physiotherapy for refractory frozen shoulder: a prospective observational study.JSES international · 2023Article
- Manipulation Under Anesthesia and Prolotherapy for Adhesive Capsulitis and Rotator Cuff Tear: A Case Report With 7-Year Follow-Up.Journal of chiropractic medicine · 2022Article
- Expert clinical consensus in the delivery of hydrodilatation for the management of patients with a primary frozen shoulder : a modified Delphi study.Bone & joint open · 2022Article
- Management of Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis via Ultrasound-Guided Hydrodilatation without Concomitant Intra-Articular Lidocaine Infusion: A Single-Center Experience.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Risk Factors for the Onset of Frozen Shoulder in Middle-Aged and Elderly Subjects Within 1 Year of Discharge From a Hospitalization That Involved Intravenous Infusion: A Prospective Cohort Study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThis systematic review places a recently completed multicentre randomized controlled trial (RCT), UK FROST, in the context of existing randomized evidence for the management of primary frozen shoulder. UK FROST compared the effectiveness of pre-specified physiotherapy techniques with a steroid injection (PTSI), manipulation under anaesthesia (MUA) with a steroid injection, and arthroscopic capsular release (ACR). This review updates a 2012 review focusing on the effectiveness of MUA, ACR, hydrodilatation, and PTSI.
methodsMEDLINE, Embase, PEDro, Science Citation Index, Clinicaltrials.gov, CENTRAL, and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry were searched up to December 2018. Reference lists of included studies were screened. No language restrictions applied. Eligible studies were RCTs comparing the effectiveness of MUA, ACR, PTSI, and hydrodilatation against each other, or supportive care or no treatment, for the management of primary frozen shoulder.
resultsNine RCTs were included. The primary outcome of patient-reported shoulder function at long-term follow-up (> 6 months and ≤ 12 months) was reported for five treatment comparisons across four studies. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were: ACR versus MUA: 0.21 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00 to 0.42), ACR versus supportive care: -0.13 (95% CI -1.10 to 0.83), and ACR versus PTSI: 0.33 (95% CI 0.07 to 0.59) and 0.25 (95% CI -0.34 to 0.85), all favouring ACR; MUA versus supportive care: 0 (95% CI -0.44 to 0.44) not favouring either; and MUA versus PTSI: 0.12 (95% CI -0.14 to 0.37) favouring MUA. None of these differences met the threshold of clinical significance agreed for the UK FROST and most confidence intervals included zero.
conclusionThe findings from a recent multicentre RCT provided the strongest evidence that, when compared with each other, neither PTSI, MUA, nor ACR are clinically superior. Evidence from smaller RCTs did not change this conclusion. The effectiveness of hydrodilatation based on four RCTs was inconclusive and there remains an evidence gap. Cite this article:
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.