ArticleAddictive behaviors2022
E-cigarette device and liquid characteristics and E-cigarette dependence: A pilot study of pod-based and disposable E-cigarette users.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sweet Flavors and the Addictive Potential of E-Cigarettes: A Systematic Narrative Review.European addiction research · 2026Pooled it
- A randomised, crossover, clinical study to assess nicotine pharmacokinetics and subjective effects of the BIDIHarm reduction journal · 2022Trial
- What is the Addictive Potential from Vaping?Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT · 2026Article
- Disposable e-cigarettes and their nicotine delivery, usage pattern, and subjective effects in occasionally smoking adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Features of disposable e-cigarettes and their association with pricing and consumer preference: Evidence from web data of US online stores.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Disposable e-cigarette use: Factors, frequency and cigarette smoking among United States high school students.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Nicotine and cannabis routes of administration and dual use among U.S. young adults who identify as Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, and non-Hispanic White.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- What are the characteristics of disposable electronic cigarettes users in Switzerland? A quantitative study among 14-25 year olds.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Nicotine flux and pharmacokinetics-based considerations for early assessment of nicotine delivery systems.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Nicotine Intake in Adult Pod E-cigarette Users: Impact of User and Device Characteristics.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Trends in Nicotine Strength in Electronic Cigarettes Sold in the United States by Flavor, Product Type, and Manufacturer, 2017-2022.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- E-cigarette Use Patterns, Flavors, and Device Characteristics Associated With Quitting Smoking Among a U.S. sample of Adults Using E-cigarettes in a Smoking Cessation Attempt.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- Predictors of electronic cigarette dependence among non-smoking electronic cigarette users: User behavior and device characteristics.Addictive behaviors · 2023Article
- The associations between e-liquid characteristics and its pricing: Evidence from online vape shops.PloS one · 2023Article
- E-cigarette Device Type, Source, and Use Behaviors of Youth and Young Adults: Findings from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort (2020-2021).Substance use & misuse · 2023Article
- Transitions in device and liquid characteristic groupings among US adults frequently using electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) over three timepoints, 2020-2021.Tobacco induced diseases · 2023Article
- Article
- Comparison of nicotine emissions rate, 'nicotine flux', from heated, electronic and combustible tobacco products: data, trends and recommendations for regulation.Tobacco control · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundE-cigarette device and liquid characteristics, such as electrical power output and liquid nicotine concentration, determine the rate at which nicotine is emitted from the e-cigarette (i.e., nicotine flux), and thus are likely to influence user nicotine dependence. We hypothesize that nicotine flux would be associated with the E-cigarette Dependence Scale (EDS) among pod-based and disposable e-cigarette products.
methodsData were obtained from online panel participants between 18 and 65 years of age, who had indicated that they were either former or current e-cigarette users and resided within the United States (N = 1036). To be included in these analyses, participants had to provide information regarding device type (pod-based or disposable), power (watts), and nicotine concentration (mg/mL), from which we could determine nicotine flux (µg/s) (N = 666). To assess the relationship between nicotine flux and EDS, a series of multivariable linear regressions were conducted. Each model was separated by device type and adjusted for by age and past 30-day e-cigarette use.
resultsGreater nicotine flux was associated with higher EDS scores among pod-based e-cigarette users (beta = 0.19, SE = 0.09, p-value = 0.043), but not users of disposable e-cigarettes. Neither power nor nicotine concentration were associated with EDS scores among users of either e-cigarette device type.
conclusionResults support the hypothesis that nicotine flux is positively associated with nicotine dependence in a sample of current users of pod-based and disposable e-cigarettes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.