ArticlePloS one2021
Teachers' mental health during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Remote workers' life quality and stress during COVID-19: a systematic review.European journal of public health · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Factors That Influence Teachers' Occupational Wellbeing.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Teachers and Its Possible Risk Factors: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Navigating nursing curriculum change during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-synthesis.Nurse education in practice · 2022Pooled it
- Understanding the mental health effects of social support among university students: a hybrid SEM-ANN approach.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Strengthening Culturally Responsive Mental Health Supports for Crises Preparedness: Lessons From Indigenous Educator's Experiences During COVID-19 Pandemic.The Journal of school health · 2026Article
- Educating during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Educator Perspective on Mental Health.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2026Article
- Nocturnal salivary cortisol and perceived stress in schoolteachers: a pilot study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Further Psychometric Support for the Italian Version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale with a Sample of Teachers.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2025Article
- 'We're Not in a Place Where We Can Thrive Yet': A Qualitative Exploration of Systems of Health Promotion in Primary Schools in the Aftermath of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Child: care, health and development · 2025Article
- ONLINE vs. FACE-TO-FACE group coaching to promote teachers mental health: an exploratory field study in German teachers.Frontiers in digital health · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of Anxiety and Depression Symptoms among University Teachers in Ethiopia during the COVID-19 Pandemic.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exploring the Interplay between Sleep Quality, Stress, and Somatization among Teachers in the Post-COVID-19 Era.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Mental health in Kindergarten to Grade 12 schools during the COVID-19 crisis: Literature review and survey suggesting multi-tiered support systems.Medical research archives · 2024Article
- Just as Essential: The Mental Health of Educators During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2024Article
- Psychological distress among teaching staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: A transdiagnostic perspective on profiles of risk and resilience.Teaching and teacher education · 2023Article
- Article
- Emotional Exhaustion Variables in Trainee Teachers during the COVID-19 Pandemic.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTeaching work is stressful, moreover during the pandemic teachers' stress might have been intensified by distance education as well as by limited access to social support, which functions as a buffer in experiencing stress. The aim of the research was to investigate the relation between distance education and teachers' well-being, and their close relations and other social relations during the first two waves of the COVID-19 pandemic.
methodsThe research was conducted in two stages on 285 Polish primary and secondary school teachers who were recruited by means of the chain referral method. The following measures were used: The Depression Anxiety & Stress Scales-21, Berlin Social Support Scales, The Relationship Satisfaction Scale and The Injustice Experience Questionnaire.
resultsThe teachers experienced at least mild levels of stress, anxiety and depression, both during the first as well as the second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. It has been confirmed that there is a negative relation between relationship quality change and social relations quality change, and stress, anxiety and depression. The variables taken into consideration in the research have provided the explanation for the variation of stress-from 6% in the first stage of the research to 47% in the second stage; for the variation of anxiety-from 21% to 31%; and for the variation of depression-from 12% to 46%, respectively.
conclusionsThe research results show that due to distance work the distinction between professional work and family life might have been blurred, and as a consequence teachers' well-being could have been worsened. The isolation put on to stop the spreading of the virus might have contributed to changes in social relations, in close relations in particular, and at the same time negatively influenced teachers' abilities to effectively cope with the crisis situations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.