Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34554365›Full record

SynthesisDigestive diseases and sciences2022

Association Between Immunosuppressive Therapy and Outcome of Clostridioides difficile Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Yiting Li, Haifeng Cai, Daniel A Sussman, Jean Donet, Kevin Dholaria, Jiajia Yang, Ami Panara, Ryan Croteau, Jamie S Barkin

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024
    Review
  3. Gut Microbiota Composition Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Yiting Li *Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Francis Medical Center, Trenton, NJ, USA.
Haifeng Cai *Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Childrens Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xue Yuan Xi Road, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Daniel A Sussman *Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Jean DonetDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno, CA, USA.
Kevin DholariaPIH Health, Downey, CA, USA.
Jiajia YangUniversity of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
Ami PanaraDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
Ryan CroteauDepartment of Gastroenterology, Wellspan Digestive Health, York, PA, USA.
Jamie S BarkinDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA. jsbarkin@med.miami.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatients with Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) often have coexisting medical problems requiring immunosuppressive therapy. However, limited data are available on the association between immunosuppressive therapy and CDI outcomes.

aimTo determine the association between immunosuppressive therapy and CDI outcomes.

methodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched through February 2021. Two reviewers independently reviewed and included studies that compared adult CDI patients who received immunosuppressive therapy to those who did not. The primary outcome was complicated CDl, including death, surgery, shock, or ICU admission. Raw data or unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) were used to calculate pooled ORs with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

resultsTwenty-two studies with a total of 5759 CDI patients were selected. Immunosuppressive therapy was significantly associated with both primary outcome and death, with pooled ORs of 1.61 (95% CI 1.33-1.96) and 1.73 (95% CI 1.39-2.15) separately. The association between corticosteroids and primary outcome was also significant with OR of 1.73 (95% CI 1.41, 2.12). In subgroup analysis, the factors explaining differences in study results included study quality, patient age, and whether individual studies had adjusted for potential confounders. In a systematic review, most studies suggested a positive association between immunosuppressive therapy and complicated outcomes of CDI in patients comorbid for IBD.

conclusionsOur systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that immunosuppressive therapy is a risk factor for complicated outcomes of CDI.

Indexed as

Clostridioides difficileClostridium InfectionsAdultHospitalizationHumansImmunosuppression TherapyRisk FactorsC. difficileImmunosuppressive therapyMeta-analysisOutcomes

Identifiers

PMID34554365

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.