ArticleArchives of virology2021
Pro-inflammatory CXCL-10, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6: biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Archives of virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 on semen parameters: A meta-analysis of 39 articles from 15 countries.Journal of global health · 2024Pooled it
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- Integrated Molecular and Hematobiochemical Biomarkers for the Detection of Bovine Babesiosis in Holstein Calves.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Neuropeptide and cytokines expression in long COVID-19 related neuropsychological sequelae: insights into NK1R-mediated neuroinflammation andFrontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of the Liver and Spleen in Ussuri Catfish (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Host-Virus Interface in Persistent SARS-CoV-2 Infections: Viral Characteristic Evolution and Gene Expression Profiling Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Cxcl10 is protective during mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2025Article
- Korean Red Ginseng relieves the inflammation and oxidative stress induced by pseudo-typed SARS-CoV-2.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on Ocular Surface Health: Infection Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Inflammatory Responses.Viruses · 2025Review
- Lung macrophages in pulmonary homeostasis and disease: from basic biology to clinical applications.Central-European journal of immunology · 2025Review
- Exploring the Potential of Mitochondria-Targeted Drug Delivery for Enhanced Breast Cancer Therapy.International journal of breast cancer · 2025Review
- Durability of Functional SARS-CoV-2-Specific Immunological Memory and T Cell Response up to 8-9 Months Postrecovery From COVID-19.Journal of immunology research · 2025Article
- Humoral and cellular immune response to AZD1222 /Covishield and BV152/Covaxin COVID-19 vaccines among adults in India.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Mechanisms and Emerging Regulators of Neuroinflammation: Exploring New Therapeutic Strategies for Neurological Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Research on preventive effect ofFood science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Cxcl10 is required for survival during SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- RNA-Seq analysis of human heart tissue reveals SARS-CoV-2 infection and inappropriate activation of the TNF-NF-κB pathway in cardiomyocytes.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Preventive effects of Chinese Xinjiang naturally fermented yogurt separated fromFood science & nutrition · 2024Article
- Uncovering the Contrasts and Connections in PASC: Viral Load and Cytokine Signatures in Acute COVID-19 versus Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC).Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Dysregulated Inflammatory Cytokine Levels May Be Useful Markers in a Better Up-Dated Management of COVID-19.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Currently, the world is witnessing the pandemic of COVID-19, a disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Reported differences in clinical manifestations and outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infection could be attributed to factors such as virus replication, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and altered cytokine production. Virus-induced aberrant and excessive cytokine production has been linked to the morbidity and mortality of several viral infections. Using a Luminex platform, we investigated plasma cytokine and chemokine levels of 27 analytes from hospitalized asymptomatic (n = 39) and mildly symptomatic (n = 35) SARS-CoV-2-infected patients (in the early phase of infection), recovered individuals (45-60 days postinfection) (n = 40), and uninfected controls (n = 36) from the city of Pune located in the state of Maharashtra in India. Levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and the chemokine CXCL-10 were significantly higher, while those of the antiviral cytokines IFN-γ and IL-12 p70 were significantly lower in both asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic patients than in controls. Comparison among the patient categories revealed no difference in the levels of the cytokines/chemokines except for CXCL-10 being significantly higher and IL-17, IL-4, and VEGF being significantly lower in the mildly symptomatic patients. Interestingly, levels of all key analytes were significantly lower in recovered individuals than in those in both patient categories. Nevertheless, the level of CXCL10 was significantly higher in the recovered patients than in the controls, indicating that the immune system of SARS-CoV-2 patients may take a longer time to normalize. Our data suggest that IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, CXCL-10, and reduced antiviral cytokines could be used as biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.