Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34552504›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in physiology2021

Fatigue in Aviation: Safety Risks, Preventive Strategies and Pharmacological Interventions.

Yara Q Wingelaar-Jagt, Thijs T Wingelaar, Wim J Riedel, Johannes G Ramaekers

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
10.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Organizational Risk Factors for Aircrew Health: A Systematic Review of Observational Studies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
    Pooled it
  3. The Prevalence of Cardiometabolic Health Risk Factors among Airline Pilots: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. Safety and cognitive pharmacodynamics following dose escalations with 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC): a first in human, designer drug study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025
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  18. The Flush Model: A Novel Framework to Manage Surgeons' Mental Fatigue and Cognitive Load.Annals of surgery open : perspectives of surgical history, education, and clinical approaches · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yara Q Wingelaar-JagtCenter for Man in Aviation, Royal Netherlands Air Force, Soesterberg, Netherlands.
Thijs T WingelaarDiving Medical Center, Royal Netherlands Navy, Den Helder, Netherlands.
Wim J RiedelDepartment of of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Johannes G RamaekersDepartment of of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.
Maastricht University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fatigue poses an important safety risk to civil and military aviation. In addition to decreasing performance in-flight (chronic) fatigue has negative long-term health effects. Possible causes of fatigue include sleep loss, extended time awake, circadian phase irregularities and work load. Despite regulations limiting flight time and enabling optimal rostering, fatigue cannot be prevented completely. Especially in military operations, where limits may be extended due to operational necessities, it is impossible to rely solely on regulations to prevent fatigue. Fatigue management, consisting of preventive strategies and operational countermeasures, such as pre-flight naps and pharmaceuticals that either promote adequate sleep (hypnotics or chronobiotics) or enhance performance (stimulants), may be required to mitigate fatigue in challenging (military) aviation operations. This review describes the pathophysiology, epidemiology and effects of fatigue and its impact on aviation, as well as several aspects of fatigue management and recommendations for future research in this field.

Indexed as

aerospace medicinecaffeinehypnotics and sedativesmodafinilpilotssleeptemazepamwakefulness-promoting agents

Identifiers

PMID34552504
PMCPMC8451537
OpenAlexW3198169736

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.