ArticleNature communications2021
A potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralising nanobody shows therapeutic efficacy in the Syrian golden hamster model of COVID-19.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 105 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Outlook of therapeutic and diagnostic competency of nanobodies against SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review.Analytical biochemistry · 2022Pooled it
- Respiratory mucosal immunity: Biological functions, diseases, prevention and therapy.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- AVIDbase: A biologically accurate structural dataset of nanobody-antigen complexes.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Heritable transgenic schistosomes as a living platform for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody secretion.Nature communications · 2026Article
- ACE2-fused nanobody targeting a cryptic RBD epitope broadly neutralizes SARS-like viruses.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Heavy-chain immune repertoire sequencing enables language-model prediction of antigen-specific antibodies.Research square · 2026Article
- Parallelised Cloning, Mammalian Cell Expression, and Purification of Nanobodies Identified by Phage Display.Bio-protocol · 2026Article
- NanoBind: Mechanism-Driven Deep Learning of Nanobody-Antigen Molecular Recognition.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Protein Engineering and Drug Discovery: Importance, Methodologies, Challenges, and Prospects.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Fine-tuned protein language model identifies antigen-specific B cell receptors from immune repertoires.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Computational refinement and multivalent engineering of complementarity-determining region-grafted nanobodies on a humanized scaffold for retaining antiviral efficacy.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- An ultra-long heavy chain bovine antibody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 and reacts broadly with sarbecoviruses.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The fast-evolving FIKK kinase family of Plasmodium falciparum can be inhibited by a single compound.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
- Small but Mighty: Nanobodies in the Fight Against Infectious Diseases.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Whole-body visualization of SARS-CoV-2 biodistribution in vivo by immunoPET imaging in non-human primates.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A bivalent spike-targeting nanobody with anti-sarbecovirus activity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- SpatConv Enables the Accurate Prediction of Protein Binding Sites by a Pretrained Protein Language Model and an Interpretable Bio-spatial Convolution.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
33 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 remains a global threat to human health particularly as escape mutants emerge. There is an unmet need for effective treatments against COVID-19 for which neutralizing single domain antibodies (nanobodies) have significant potential. Their small size and stability mean that nanobodies are compatible with respiratory administration. We report four nanobodies (C5, H3, C1, F2) engineered as homotrimers with pmolar affinity for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Crystal structures show C5 and H3 overlap the ACE2 epitope, whilst C1 and F2 bind to a different epitope. Cryo Electron Microscopy shows C5 binding results in an all down arrangement of the Spike protein. C1, H3 and C5 all neutralize the Victoria strain, and the highly transmissible Alpha (B.1.1.7 first identified in Kent, UK) strain and C1 also neutralizes the Beta (B.1.35, first identified in South Africa). Administration of C5-trimer via the respiratory route showed potent therapeutic efficacy in the Syrian hamster model of COVID-19 and separately, effective prophylaxis. The molecule was similarly potent by intraperitoneal injection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.