Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34551760›Full record

SynthesisEnvironmental health : a global access science source2021

Industrial odour pollution and human health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Victor Guadalupe-Fernandez, Manuela De Sario, Simona Vecchi, Lisa Bauleo, Paola Michelozzi, Marina Davoli, Carla Ancona

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Resident Odor Reports and Differing Health Outcomes in Areas of Industrial Emission Odor, Louisville, Kentucky.Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Microbes Saving Lives and Reducing Suffering.Microbial biotechnology · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Victor Guadalupe-FernandezDepartment of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1 (Italy), Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy.
Manuela De SarioDepartment of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1 (Italy), Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy.
Simona VecchiDepartment of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1 (Italy), Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy.
Lisa BauleoDepartment of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1 (Italy), Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy. l.bauleo@deplazio.it.ORCID 0000-0002-2738-6180
Paola MichelozziDepartment of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1 (Italy), Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy.
Marina DavoliDepartment of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1 (Italy), Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy.
Carla AnconaDepartment of Epidemiology of the Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1 (Italy), Via Cristoforo Colombo, 112, 00147, Rome, Italy.

Funding

The work was partially fund by the project "Italian Environment and Health Network (RIAS)" https://rias.epiprev.it/
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo conduct a systematic review to evaluate the association between residential or occupational short- and long-term exposure to odour pollution from industrial sources and the health status of the exposed population.

methodsThe searches were conducted in Medline, EMBASE and Scopus in April 2021. Exposure to an environmental odour from industrial sources in population resident near the source or in workers was considered. We considered outcomes for which there was a biological plausibility, such as wheezing and asthma, cough, headache, nausea and vomiting (primary outcomes). We also included stress-related symptoms and novel outcomes (e.g. mood states). Risk of bias was evaluated using the OHAT tool. For primary outcomes, when at least 3 studies provided effect estimates by comparing exposed subjects versus not exposed, we pooled the study-specific estimates of odour-related effect using random effects models. Heterogeneity was evaluated with Higgins I

resultsThirty studies were eligible for this review, mainly cross-sectional (n = 23). Only one study involved school-age children and two studies involved workers. Only five studies reported odour effects on objective laboratory or clinical outcomes. Animal Feeding Operations and waste were the most common industrial sources. The overall odds ratios in exposed versus not exposed population were 1.15 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.29) for headache (7 studies), 1.09 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.30) for nausea/vomiting (7 studies), and 1.27 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.44) for cough/phlegm (5 studies). Heterogeneity was a moderate concern. Overall, the body of evidence was affected by a definitely high risk of bias in exposure and outcome assessment since most studies used self-reported information.

conclusionsFindings underline the public health importance of odour pollution for population living nearby industrial odour sources. The limited evidence for most outcomes supports the need for high quality epidemiological studies on the association between odour pollution and its effects on human health.

Indexed as

Air PollutionEnvironmental ExposureOccupational ExposureOdorantsAnimalsCross-Sectional StudiesHumansIndustryOdour pollutionResidential exposureRespiratory effectsRisk of biasSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID34551760
PMCPMC8459501

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.