ArticlePloS one2021
National and subnational size estimation of female sex workers in Ghana 2020: Comparing 3-source capture-recapture with other approaches.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Estimating the Population Size of People Who Inject Drugs in 3 Cities in Zambia: Capture-Recapture, Successive Sampling, and Bayesian Consensus Estimation Methods.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- "He showed me a knife and said they would kill me and no one would know or care": a qualitative study into the experiences of transnational sex workers in Ghana.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Article
- Cross-sectional evaluation of a peer educator-led empowerment initiative for improving participation in cervical precancer screening among female sex workers in Ghana.Ecancermedicalscience · 2025Article
- Biobehavioral survey using time location sampling among female sex workers living in Ghana in 2020.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Population Size Estimation of Men Who Have Sex With Men in Rwanda: Three-Source Capture-Recapture Method.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Evaluating tools for capture-recapture model selection to estimate the size of hidden populations: it works in practice, but does it work in theory?Annals of epidemiology · 2023Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundKey Population size estimation (PSE) is instrumental for HIV/STI preventive, treatment and care services planning, implementation and delivery. The objective was to estimate the overall population of female sex workers (FSW) in all the 16 regions of Ghana using different PSE methods.
methodMapping of venues and complete enumeration of seaters was conducted at the formative stage prior to the bio-behavioral survey (BBS). Three PSE methods were used to derive the size estimates of FSW in the 16 regions. These include: Capture-recapture (CRC), service multiplier and three-source capture recapture (3SCRC) methods. The final choice of the estimation method used to estimate the roamer population was 3SCRC. This method was chosen because of its perfect record-linkage-hierarchic combination of three names that minimizes overmatching as well as the addition of an interaction term in the model which corrects for the dependencies in CRC.
resultsThe total population size estimate of the female sex workers in the country obtained for roamers using capture re-capture was 41,746 (95% CI: 41,488-41,932). Using the service multiplier, the total population for both the roamers and seaters was 41,153 (95% CI: 37,242-45,984). The 3-source capture re-capture yielded 55,686 roamers FSW (95% CI: 47,686-63,686). The seater population was 4,363 FSW based on census/complete enumeration. The total population size estimate of FSW (seaters and roamers) in Ghana was 60,049 when 3SCRC and census were added. This represents about 0.76% of all estimated adult females aged 15-49yrs in Ghana.
conclusionWe report population size estimates (PSE) for FSW in Ghana. These estimates are the results of 3SCRC. These findings provide a valid and reliable source of information that should be referenced by government officials and policymakers to plan, implement and provide HIV/STI preventive, treatment, and care services for FSW in Ghana.
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