Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34550459›Full record

ArticleEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2023

Education level and COVID-19 vaccination willingness in adolescents.

Elke Humer, Andrea Jesser, Paul L Plener, Thomas Probst, Christoph Pieh

Open access · bronzeAbstract readLetter
In one paragraph

Article in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 68 citations in OpenAlex.

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  9. Global Systematic Scoping Review of Adolescent Factors Associated With COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Elke HumerDepartment for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9776-0353
Andrea JesserDepartment for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0872-1131
Paul L PlenerDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4333-1494
Thomas ProbstDepartment for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6113-2133
Christoph PiehDepartment for Psychotherapy and Biopsychosocial Health, Danube University Krems, Krems, Austria. christoph.pieh@donau-uni.ac.at.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2708-303X
Universität für Weiterbildung Krems · ATUniversität Ulm · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccination is essential to control the COVID-19 pandemic. High vaccination willingness is a key for successful vaccination programs. This study assessed attitudes toward vaccination in Austrian adolescents and determined whether there are differences in vaccination readiness regarding education status, gender and migration background. Two cross-sectional online surveys were conducted from March to July 2021 in apprentices and high school students. Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination was rated on a 5-point scale. In total, n = 2006 (n = 1442 apprentices and n = 564 high school students) completed the survey. Willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccination was higher in students compared to apprentices (p < 0.001). Furthermore, migration background (p = 0.023) and female gender (p = 0.001) were associated with lower vaccination willingness. In conclusion, more efforts are required to improve confidence and willingness to vaccinate adolescents with lower educational levels, those with migrant backgrounds and females.

Indexed as

COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesAdolescentCross-Sectional StudiesEducational StatusFemaleHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHumansPandemicsVaccinationCOVID-19 Vaccines

Identifiers

PMID34550459
PMCPMC8456192
OpenAlexW3200573373

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.