Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34549788›Full record

ReviewThe Journal of infectious diseases2021

Contrasting Epidemiology of Cholera in Bangladesh and Africa.

David A Sack, Amanda K Debes, Jerome Ateudjieu, Godfrey Bwire, Mohammad Ali, Moise Chi Ngwa, John Mwaba, Roma Chilengi, Christopher C Orach, Waqo Boru and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Long-Term Kinetics of Serological Antibodies againstInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  2. Cholera Outbreaks in India, 2011-2020: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Building a Broader Understanding of EnterotoxigenicOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Whole genome sequencing and transmission analysis ofmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Population genomics of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli uncovers high connectivity between urban and rural communities in Ecuador.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2023
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

David A SackDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Amanda K DebesDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Jerome AteudjieuMeilleur Acces aux Soins de Sante, and Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, and Clinical Research Unit, Division of Health Operations Research, Cameroon Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Godfrey BwireDepartment of Integrated Epidemiology, Surveillance, and Public Health Emergencies, Ministry of Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Mohammad AliDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Moise Chi NgwaDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
John MwabaCentre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Roma ChilengiCentre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Christopher C OrachDepartment of Community Health and Behavioural Sciences, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Waqo BoruMinistry of Health and Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Nairobi, Kenya.
Ahmed Abade MohamedTanzania Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
Malathi RamDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Christine Marie GeorgeDepartment of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
O Colin StineDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Funding

Epidemiology and Ecology of Cholera in AfricaR01AI123422 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Amanda Kay Debes, DAVID A SACK · 2017 to 2026
$6.6M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI123422
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In Bangladesh and West Bengal cholera is seasonal, transmission occurs consistently annually. By contrast, in most African countries, cholera has inconsistent seasonal patterns and long periods without obvious transmission. Transmission patterns in Africa occur during intermittent outbreaks followed by elimination of that genetic lineage. Later another outbreak may occur because of reintroduction of new or evolved lineages from adjacent areas, often by human travelers. These then subsequently undergo subsequent elimination. The frequent elimination and reintroduction has several implications when planning for cholera's elimination including: a) reconsidering concepts of definition of elimination, b) stress on rapid detection and response to outbreaks, c) more effective use of oral cholera vaccine and WASH, d) need to readjust estimates of disease burden for Africa, e) re-examination of water as a reservoir for maintaining endemicity in Africa. This paper reviews major features of cholera's epidemiology in African countries which appear different from the Ganges Delta.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksAfricaBangladeshCholeraCholera VaccinesHumansCholera VaccinesAfricaBangladeshCamerooncholeraemergencies GTFCCepidemiologyrefugeeroadmapUganda

Identifiers

PMID34549788
PMCPMC8687066

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.