ReviewInternational journal of health sciences
Physiological biomarkers of chronic stress: A systematic review.
Review in International journal of health sciences. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 135 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Nature-based Exercise on Post-traumatic Growth Among People With Post-traumatic Stress: A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial Designed to Observe Psychophysiological Alterations Before to After Intervention
Effect of Sphinx Pose (Salamba Bhujangasana) Among Health Care Providers With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
To Observe The Effectiveness Of Cat-Cow Yoga In The Pain Management Of Chronic Low Back Pain In Health Care Professionals
Who cites it
135 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 156 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- The Influence of eHealth Stress Management Interventions on Psychological Health Parameters in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Association between night shift work and cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Chronic stress in relation to clinical burnout: an integrative scoping review of definitions and measurement approaches.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- How do machine learning models perform in the detection of depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate students? A systematic review.Cadernos de saude publica · 2024Pooled it
- Effects ofNutrients · 2023Pooled it
- "StudiCare Mindfulness": effects of an online mindfulness-based intervention on mindfulness, stress, and interoception in university students - a randomized controlled trial.BMC psychology · 2026Trial
- Adaptogenic Effects of Mushroom Blend Supplementation on Stress, Fatigue, and Sleep: A Randomised, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial.Brain and behavior · 2026Trial
- From screens to serenity: evaluating the effect of digital detox on mental and physiological health.BMC medical education · 2025Trial
- PCC-hippocampal functional connectivity associated with stress biomarker changes after meditation training for healthy adults.Neuroscience letters · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Telehealth Parenting Program and Salivary Epigenetic Biomarkers in Preschool Children With Developmental Delay: NIMHD Social Epigenomics Program.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Short-Term Magnesium Therapy Alleviates Moderate Stress in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- An examination into the mental and physical effects of a saffron extract (affron®) in recreationally-active adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2022Trial
- Stress, needs, and behaviour: understanding chronic stress in pet domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) from the prism of needs.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Heart Rate Variability and C-Reactive Protein in Middle-Aged Adults With Normal Weight and Overweight/Obesity: A Pilot Study.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Establishment of a reference range for hair cortisol using a HPLC-MS/MS method in a Northern Italian population.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- The Impact of Overtraining on Anxiety-Like Behavior and Tight Junction Proteins of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Mice.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Identification of Chronic Stress-Related Biomarkers for Potential Diagnosis and Treatment of Osteoporosis: An Integrated Multi-omic and Clinical Data Analysis.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Article
- Physiological and Proteomic Responses to Chronic Stress and the Effects ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
75 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe basic objective of this systematic review was to identify potential biomarkers for chronic stress.
methodsA systematic review of studies linking biomarkers in people with chronic stress was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. The last 40 years' studies were included in the systematic review with no age restrictions; animal studies were excluded from the study. Electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar were searched for the study purpose. The studies were searched using the combinations of search terms that comprised chronic stress together with the keywords hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis), autonomic nervous system (ANS), immune system, metabolic biomarkers, cortisol, hair cortisol, salivary cortisol, urinary cortisol, epinephrine, norepinephrine, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF), metabolic biomarkers, antioxidants, glucose, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), cytokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).
resultsA total of 37 studies out of 671 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Potential diagnostic biomarkers of chronic stress included cortisol, ACTH, BDNF, catecholamines, glucose, HbA1c, triglycerides, cholesterol, prolactin, oxytocin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), CRP, and interleukin - 6 and 8. While the others including antioxidants and natural killer (NK) cells require further validation. Taken together, addition, these stress biomarkers have critical prognostic capacities for stress-associated diseases and therapeutic guidance.
conclusionThis systematic review provides an update to the literature by highlighting the role of physiological biomarkers in chronic stress and describing their prognostic and therapeutic values.
Indexed as
Identifiers
34548863PMC8434839W3197919026What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.