ArticleEye (London, England)2022
Evaluation of in vitro activity of five antimicrobial agents on Acanthamoeba isolates and their toxicity on human corneal epithelium.
Article in Eye (London, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Promising Drug Repurposing Candidates Targeting Free-Living Amoebae: A Systematic and Critical Review of Laboratory-Based Evidence.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Evaluation of Adhesion and Co-culture Efficacy Assays of Antifungals and Chlorhexidine Against Acanthamoeba and Candida Species Associated with Severe Infectious Keratitis.Current microbiology · 2026Article
- Revisiting the ocular use of chlorhexidine: an agent to remember in multidrug-resistant bacterial and fungal keratitis.International ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Efficacy of phosphonium amphiphilic salts against Acanthamoeba genotype T4.International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Prevalence of HSV Genomic Signatures Among Acanthamoeba Hosts and Contaminated Lens Cases: A Molecular and Clinical Study.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Comparative genomic analysis ofmSphere · 2024Article
- Staurosporine as a Potential Treatment forMarine drugs · 2024Article
- An Insight into the Genome of Pathogenic and Non-PathogenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAcanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is an important cause of ocular morbidity in both contact lens wearers and non wearers. Medical management comprises prolonged empiric treatment with multiple drugs, leading to adverse effects and suboptimal cure. The present study evaluated the efficiency and safety of common antimicrobial agents used in treatment of AK.
methodsSix Acanthamoeba isolates (four AK, two water samples) were axenized and subjected to in vitro susceptibility testing against chlorhexidine, pentamidine isethionate, polymyxin B, miltefosine, and fluconazole to check for trophocidal and cysticidal activity. The safety profile was analysed by observing the cytotoxicity of the highest cidal concentration toward human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) line.
resultsChlorhexidine had the lowest cidal concentration against both cysts and trophozoites (range 4.16-25 μg/ml) followed by pentamidine isethionate (range 25-166.7 μg/ml). Both agents were nontoxic to HCEC. Polymyxin B (range 25-200 μg/ml) and fluconazole (range 64-512 μg/ml) had relatively higher minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC); fluconazole was nontoxic even at 1024 μg/ml, but cytotoxicity was observed at 400 μg/ml with polymyxin B. Miltefosine was not effective against cysts at tested concentrations. A. castellanii were more susceptible to all agents (except pentamidine isethionate) than A. lenticulata. Clinical isolates were less susceptible to polymyxin B and fluconazole than environmental isolates, reverse was true for miltefosine.
conclusionChlorhexidine and pentamidine isethionate were the most effective and safe agents against both trophozoites and cysts forms of our Acanthamoeba isolates. Fluconazole had higher MIC but was nontoxic. Polymyxin B was effective at high MIC but therapeutic dose was found toxic. Miltefosine, at tested concentrations, could not inhibit cysts of Acanthamoeba. Clinical isolates had higher MICs for polymyxin B and fluconazole.
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