ArticleBMJ open2021
Effectiveness of balance training in patients with chronic ankle instability: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exercise Therapy for Chronic Ankle Instability: Which Modality for Which Deficit? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of exercise therapy on chronic ankle instability: a meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of the dosage of balance training on ankle function and dynamic balance ability in patients with chronic ankle instability.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Pooled it
- The Additive Effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined With Exercise-Based Rehabilitation Interventions on Balance, Ankle Kinematics, and Muscle Activity in Individuals With Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review.Health science reports · 2026Review
- Effect of Otago Exercise Program Combined with Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Chronic Ankle Instability in Older Adults: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Study on the effect of blood flow restriction training combined with IASTAM on ankle strength and function intervention in athletes with chronic ankle instability in sport dance events.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Effect of 6-week BFRT combined with IASTAM therapy on international standard dancers with chronic ankle instability.Frontiers in physiology · 2024Article
- Increased subtalar rotational motion in patients with symptomatic ankle instability under load and stress conditions.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2023Article
- Ankle biomechanics of the three-step layup in a basketball player with chronic ankle instability.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Current concepts in the surgical management of chronic ankle lateral ligament instability.Journal of orthopaedicsReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLateral ankle sprains are one of the most common musculoskeletal injuries. Up to 70% of individuals who sustain lateral ankle sprains develop chronic ankle instability (CAI). Balance training has been used in patients with CAI, but the evidence for its efficacy is inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the short-term (end of the treatment period) and long-term (6 months after treatment) effectiveness of balance training for patients with CAI. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, Ovid, EBSCO-host, Pedro, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect, Springer, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Technology Periodical Database (VIP), WanFang Data and China Biology Medicine for reports of randomised trials of balance training in patients with CAI, from inception to 1 October 2021. The language will be restricted to English and Chinese, and articles will be screened and collected by two reviewers independently. Dynamic balance and functional ankle instability are the primary outcomes of this study. Secondary outcomes include pain, ankle range of motion, ankle strength and health-related quality of life. Review Manager V.5.3 software will be used for meta-analysis, and stratification analysis will be conducted for study quality according to the Jadad score. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be conducted. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to assess confidence in the cumulative evidence. The protocol follows the Cochrane Handbook for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval is not required for literature-based studies. The results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.