ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2021
Comparison of fear, anxiety and self-efficacy of childbirth among primiparous and multiparous women.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
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Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comparison of the effect of internet-based and in-person cognitive behavioral therapy on the fear of childbirth in primiparous pregnant women: a randomized controlled trial.BMC psychology · 2026Trial
- The effect of empathic communication-based training on women's positive birth perception, awareness, and birth experience: a randomized controlled trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Trial
- Effects of ADIET communication and delivery rehearsal on anxiety, labor process, and outcomes in vaginal trial delivery.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Trial
- Effect of implementation of the WHO intrapartum care model on maternal and neonatal outcomes: a randomized control trial.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2024Trial
- Evaluating the Effects of the Supportive Parenting App on Infant Developmental Outcomes: Longitudinal Study.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Exploring Priority Intrapartum Services Associated with Childbirth Experience During Vaginal Birth: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Turkish Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Tilburg Pregnancy Distress Scale-Revised in Three Independent Gestational Groups.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond 'Baby Brain': Memory and Sleep Health During Pregnancy-A Biopsychosocial Perspective.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Home Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring in Pregnancy: Patient Experience and Acceptance in the Era of Digital Prenatal Care.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Psychometric properties and validation of the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) in Mexican mothers.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Prevalence, related factors, and outcomes of fear of childbirth in pregnant women visiting health centers in Tabriz, Iran: a prospective study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The relationship between pregnant women's perception of traumatic birth and their vaginal birth self-efficacy: a cross-sectional study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- A study on the correlation among sleep quality in pregnant women, type 2 diabetes risk scores based on FINDRISC, and pregnancy-related anxiety.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Factors associated with fear of childbirth among pregnant adolescents in Northeastern Thailand: A cross-sectional study.European journal of midwifery · 2026Article
- Core Symptoms and Candidate Targets for Symptom Management in Late Pregnancy: A Network Analysis.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Article
- Effects of Nursing Interventions During Delivery on Pain Relief and Labor Progression in Vaginal Deliveries.Cureus · 2025Article
- The relationship between fear of birth and prenatal attachment and childbirth self-efficacy perception in Primigravida women.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Article
- Knowledge of puerperal sepsis, self-care practices of puerperal sepsis prevention and associated factors among postpartum women in the Gurage zone, Central Ethiopia: Multicenter study.SAGE open medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe aim of this study was to compare fear of childbirth, state and trait anxiety, and childbirth self-efficacy among primiparous and multiparous women in Ahvaz, southwest of Iran.
methodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted with 200 pregnant women (100 primiparous and 100 multiparous women) who had been admitted to the maternity ward of hospitals affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran. The instruments used for data collection in this study included a demographic questionnaire, Delivery Fear Scale (DFS), Spielberger's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory (CBSEI). The data were analyzed by chi-square test and independent t-test. Also, the univariate general linear model was used by adjusting for the socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics that were considered as possible confounding variables.
resultsThe mean score of DFS in primiparous women was significantly higher than that of multiparous women. The mean of the overall score of childbirth self-efficacy of primiparous women was significantly lower than that of multiparous women. The mean score of the outcome expectancies and self-efficacy expectancies was significantly lower in primiparous women compared with multiparous women. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the mean score of STAI. After adjusting for possible confounding variables, the differences between the two groups in terms of fear of childbirth scores, overall childbirth self-efficacy score and self-efficacy expectancies remained significant.
conclusionGiven the high fear of childbirth and low childbirth self-efficacy in primiparous women compared to the multiparous women, appropriate interventions should be adopted by health care providers in order to reduce fear and improve childbirth self-efficacy in primiparous women.
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