Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34547904›Full record

ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2021

Hoverflies use a time-compensated sun compass to orientate during autumn migration.

Richard Massy, Will L S Hawkes, Toby Doyle, Jolyon Troscianko, Myles H M Menz, Nicholas W Roberts, Jason W Chapman, Karl R Wotton

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
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  5. From skylight cues to magnetic fields: the toolkit of insect long-distance navigation.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2026
    Review
  6. The diversity of lepidopteran spatial orientation strategies - neuronal mechanisms and emerging challenges in a changing world.Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Lords of the flies: dipteran migrants are diverse, abundant and ecologically important.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Richard MassyCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK.
Will L S HawkesCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK.
Toby DoyleCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK.
Jolyon TrosciankoCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK.
Myles H M MenzDepartment of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behaviour, Radolfzell, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-3347-5411
Nicholas W RobertsSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4540-6683
Jason W ChapmanCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7475-4441
Karl R WottonCentre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Penryn, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8672-9948

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The sun is the most reliable celestial cue for orientation available to daytime migrants. It is widely assumed that diurnal migratory insects use a 'time-compensated sun compass' to adjust for the changing position of the sun throughout the day, as demonstrated in some butterfly species. The mechanisms used by other groups of diurnal insect migrants remain to be elucidated. Migratory species of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) are one of the most abundant and beneficial groups of diurnal migrants, providing multiple ecosystem services and undergoing directed seasonal movements throughout much of the temperate zone. To identify the hoverfly navigational strategy, a flight simulator was used to measure orientation responses of the hoverflies

Indexed as

Animal MigrationOrientationAnimalsCuesEcosystemSeasonsSunlightflight simulatorhoverflyinsect migrationnavigationorientationtime-compensated sun compass

Identifiers

PMID34547904
PMCPMC8456149

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.