SynthesisJournal of neuroimmunology2021
Disease-modifying therapies and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of neuroimmunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach From the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Tenth Special Issue.Journal of clinical apheresis · 2026Guideline
- Natalizumab for multiple sclerosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- A phase 2a open-label clinical trial to determine the effect of famciclovir on EBV activity as measured by EBV shedding in the saliva of patients with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2024Trial
- Brain Immune Cell Composition in Multiple Sclerosis and Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy After Natalizumab: An Immunohistochemical Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Review
- Outcome Predictors in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Associated With Multiple Sclerosis Treatments: A Multicenter Cohort Study.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Long-Term Clinical and Psychological Efficacy and Safety of Ocrelizumab in People With Multiple Sclerosis: A Real-World Longitudinal Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Targeted Drug Delivery in Animal Models of Demyelination: The Role of Plant-Based Nanoparticles with a Focus on Multiple Sclerosis.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Role of Immune Reconstitution Therapy with Cladribine Tablets in the Management of Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis in Older Patients.Neurology and therapy · 2025Review
- Lymphopenia associated with sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulators (S1PRMs) in multiple sclerosis: analysis of European pharmacovigilance data.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Article
- Portable ultra-low-field MRI for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Case studies, sensitivity, and potential applications.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Recent advances in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for multiple sclerosis: clinical applications and challenges.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Brain biopsy and pathological diagnosis for drug-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with inflammatory reactions.Pathology international · 2024Review
- Article
- Escalation to Anti-CD20 Treatment for Multiple Sclerosis Following Natalizumab-Associated Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2024Article
- De-escalation and Discontinuation of Disease-Modifying Therapies in Multiple Sclerosis.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2024Review
- Potential adverse events associated with sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulators in patients with multiple sclerosis: an analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Article
- Current and Future Developments in Imaging and Treatment of White Matter Disease: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- From Animal Models to Clinical Trials: The Potential of Antimicrobials in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background High efficacy disease modifying therapies (DMT) in the management of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have a favorable effect on relapse rate and disability progression; however, they can expose patients to significant risks, such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Objective The study aims to investigate prognostic factors that can determine outcome in MS-related PML patients. Methods We conducted a literature review and meta-analysis of 194 patients from 62 articles in PubMed, SCOPUS and EMBASE. Results Out of 194 patients (66.5% women, 33.5% men), 81% had progression in their EDSS score by at least 1 point from the time of PML diagnosis (EDSS-P group). The remaining patients had either stable or improved EDSS (EDSS-S group). In univariate analysis, older age at the time of PML diagnosis was associated with higher probability of disability accumulation and worsening of EDSS by at least 1 point (mean age = 44.8, p = 0.046). After adjusting for other variables, age at time of PML diagnosis remained a significant predictive variable in the multivariable logistic model (OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.99, p = 0.037). Natalizumab is the most commonly associated DMT linked to PML, followed by fingolimod and others including dimethyl fumarate, ocrelizumab, alemtuzumab. Among the different treatments used, no therapeutic agent was found to be superior in improving post-PML EDSS. Conclusions Younger age and lower JCV viral load at the time of PML diagnosis were associated with better outcome in MS-associate PML, while none of the PML therapies was superior over the others or associated with favorable outcome.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.