ArticleClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2022
The temporal course of T- and B-cell responses to vaccination with BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273.
Article in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seroconversion rate after primary vaccination with two doses of BNT162b2 versus mRNA-1273 in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2022Pooled it
- Effects ofNutrients · 2022Trial
- Humoral response against COVID-19 in the population of western region of Poland.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy with Diplopia Caused by an Alternative Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine.Case reports in neurological medicine · 2024Article
- Virus-Subtype-Specific Cellular and Humoral Immune Response to a COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients and Renal Transplant Recipients.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- New Onset Autoimmune Diseases after the Sputnik Vaccine.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Durability of Vaccine-Induced and Natural Immunity Against COVID-19: A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2023Review
- A longitudinal analysis of humoral, T cellular response and influencing factors in a cohort of healthcare workers: Implications for personalized SARS-CoV-2 vaccination strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Acute Pericarditis with High Anti-Nuclear Antibody Titers Following BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Differential T-Cell Immunity to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in mRNA-1273- and BNT162b2-Vaccinated Individuals.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- Differences in Immunogenicity of Three Different Homo- and Heterologous Vaccination Regimens against SARS-CoV-2.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 antibody response eight months after vaccination with mRNA vaccines. Influence of prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure.European journal of internal medicine · 2022Article
- [SARS-CoV-2 variants in relation to screening and vaccines].Bulletin de l'Academie nationale de medecine · 2022Review
- Article
- Sex, Age, and Ethnic Background Shape Adaptive Immune Responses Induced by the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Trajectory of IgG to SARS-CoV-2 After Vaccination With BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 in an Employee Cohort and Comparison With Natural Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Kinetics of the Antibody Response to Boostering With Three Different Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2.Frontiers in immunologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo investigate the response of the immune system (and its influencing factors) to vaccination with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273.
methods531 vaccinees, recruited from healthcare professionals, donated samples before, in between, and after the administration of the two doses of the vaccine. T- and B-cell responses were examined via interferon-γ (IFN-γ) release assay, and antibodies against different epitopes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (S1 and NCP) were detected via ELISA and surrogate neutralization assay. Results were correlated with influencing factors such as age, sex, prior infection, vaccine received (BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273), and immunosuppression. Furthermore, antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) were measured to screen for autoimmune responses following vaccination with an mRNA vaccine.
resultsNo markers of immunity against SARS-CoV-2 were found before the first vaccination. Two weeks after it, specific responses against SARS-CoV-2 were already measurable (median ± median absolute deviation (MAD): anti-S1 IgG 195.5 ± 172.7 BAU/mL; IgA 6.7 ± 4.9 OD; surrogate neutralization 39 ± 23.7%), and were significantly increased two weeks after the second dose (anti-S1 IgG 3744 ± 2571.4 BAU/mL; IgA 12 ± 0 OD; surrogate neutralization 100 ± 0%, IFN-γ 1897.2 ± 886.7 mIU/mL). Responses were stronger for younger participants (this difference decreasing after the second dose). Further influences were previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 (causing significantly stronger responses after the first dose compared to unexposed individuals (p ≤ 0.0001)) and the vaccine received (significantly stronger reactions for recipients of mRNA-1273 after both doses, p < 0.05-0.0001). Some forms of immunosuppression significantly impeded the immune response to the vaccination (with no observable immune response in three immunosuppressed participants). There was no significant induction of ANAs by the vaccination (no change in qualitative ANA results (p 0.2592) nor ANA titres (p 0.08) from pre-to post-vaccination.
conclusionsBoth vaccines elicit strong and specific immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 which become detectable one week (T-cell response) or two weeks (B-cell response) after the first dose.
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