Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34547244›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of human genetics2021

Rare and de novo variants in 827 congenital diaphragmatic hernia probands implicate LONP1 as candidate risk gene.

Lu Qiao, Le Xu, Lan Yu, Julia Wynn, Rebecca Hernan, Xueya Zhou, Christiana Farkouh-Karoleski, Usha S Krishnan, Julie Khlevner, Aliva De and 28 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of human genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Mechanical compression causes lung hypoplasia in congenital diaphragmatic hernia with GATA4 genetic variants.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Modeling patient variants ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Beyond the genome: clinical challenges in diagnosingFrontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. De novo variants in RYBP are associated with a severe neurodevelopmental disorder and congenital anomalies.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

38 authors at 19 institutions in 3 countries.

Lu QiaoDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Le XuDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego Medical School, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Lan YuDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Julia WynnDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Rebecca HernanDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Xueya ZhouDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Christiana Farkouh-KaroleskiDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Usha S KrishnanDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Julie KhlevnerDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Aliva DeDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Annette ZygmuntDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Timothy CrombleholmeMedical City Children's Hospital, Dallas, TX 75230, USA.
Foong-Yen LimCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Howard NeedelmanUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center College of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68114, USA.
Robert A CusickUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center College of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68114, USA.
George B MychaliskaUniversity of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Brad W WarnerWashington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Amy J WagnerChildren's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Melissa E DankoMonroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Dai ChungMonroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital at Vanderbilt, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Douglas PotokaUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
Przemyslaw KosińskiMedical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
David J McCulleyDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 52726, USA.
Mahmoud ElfikyCairo University, Cairo 11432, Egypt.
Kenneth AzarowOregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
Elizabeth FialkowskiOregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
David SchindelUT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
Samuel Z SofferNorthwell Health, New York, NY 11040, USA.
Jane B LyonDepartment of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
Jill M ZalieckasDepartment of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Badri N VardarajanDepartment of Neurology, Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer Disease and the Aging Brain and the Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Gudrun AspelundDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Vincent P DuronDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Frances A HighDepartment of Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Xin SunDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego Medical School, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
Patricia K DonahoePediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Yufeng ShenDepartment of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; JP Sulzberger Columbia Genome Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: ys2411@cumc.columbia.edu.
Wendy K ChungDepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address: wkc15@cumc.columbia.edu.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center · USBoston Children's Hospital · USMonroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital · USOregon Health & Science University · USUniversity of California San Diego Medical Center · USUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center · USUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison · USCairo University · EGChildren's Hospital of Wisconsin · USCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USColumbia University · USHarvard University · USMedical City Children's Hospital · USMedical University of Warsaw · PLMichigan Medicine · USNorthwell Health · USSouthwestern Medical Center · USUniversity of Pittsburgh · USWashington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

CTSA INFRASTRUCTURE FOR PEDIATRIC RESEARCHUL1RR024156 · NCRR · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI GINSBERG, HENRY N · 2006 to 2011
$53.0M
THE DROSOPHILA GENETICS AND RNAI CORE (THE FLY CORE)P01HD068250 · NICHD · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI CHUNG, WENDY K, DONAHOE, PATRICIA K · 2011 to 2022
$17.1M
Genetic Epidemiology of Cerebrovascular Factors in Alzheimer's DiseaseRF1AG054023 · NIA · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI MAYEUX, RICHARD P · 2016 to 2018
$8.9M
Identification of Novel Genes for Congenital Diaphragmatic HerniaR01HD057036 · NICHD · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI ASPELUND, GUDRUN, CHUNG, WENDY K · 2008 to 2012
$2.8M
Integrate cancer genomics data in geneticstudies and diagnosis of developmental disordersR01GM120609 · NIGMS · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SHEN, YUFENG · 2017 to 2021
$1.7M
4 of 7: Epi4K: Epileptic Encephalopathies ProjectU01NS077364 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI SHERR, ELLIOTT · 2011 to 2013
$827k
Genetic analysis of structural birth defects by integration of multiple diseases with epigenomic data and cancer mutationsR03HL138352 · NHLBI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SHEN, YUFENG · 2017 to 2018
$320k
NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024156NHLBI NIH HHS R03 HL138352NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054023NICHD NIH HHS P01 HD068250NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD057036NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM120609NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS077364
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a severe congenital anomaly that is often accompanied by other anomalies. Although the role of genetics in the pathogenesis of CDH has been established, only a small number of disease-associated genes have been identified. To further investigate the genetics of CDH, we analyzed de novo coding variants in 827 proband-parent trios and confirmed an overall significant enrichment of damaging de novo variants, especially in constrained genes. We identified LONP1 (lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial) and ALYREF (Aly/REF export factor) as candidate CDH-associated genes on the basis of de novo variants at a false discovery rate below 0.05. We also performed ultra-rare variant association analyses in 748 affected individuals and 11,220 ancestry-matched population control individuals and identified LONP1 as a risk gene contributing to CDH through both de novo and ultra-rare inherited largely heterozygous variants clustered in the core of the domains and segregating with CDH in affected familial individuals. Approximately 3% of our CDH cohort who are heterozygous with ultra-rare predicted damaging variants in LONP1 have a range of clinical phenotypes, including other anomalies in some individuals and higher mortality and requirement for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Mice with lung epithelium-specific deletion of Lonp1 die immediately after birth, most likely because of the observed severe reduction of lung growth, a known contributor to the high mortality in humans. Our findings of both de novo and inherited rare variants in the same gene may have implications in the design and analysis for other genetic studies of congenital anomalies.

Indexed as

DNA Copy Number VariationsMutation, MissenseAnimalsATP-Dependent ProteasesCase-Control StudiesCohort StudiesCraniofacial AbnormalitiesEye AbnormalitiesFemaleGrowth DisordersHernias, Diaphragmatic, CongenitalHip Dislocation, CongenitalHumansMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLATP-Dependent ProteasesLONP1 protein, humanLONP1 protein, mouseMitochondrial ProteinsALYREFcongenital diaphragmatic herniade novo variantsLONP1

Identifiers

PMID34547244
PMCPMC8546037
OpenAlexW3201304137

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.