Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34546550›Full record

ArticleHuman nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.)2021

Ethnic Markers without Ethnic Conflict : Why do Interdependent Masikoro, Mikea, and Vezo of Madagascar Signal their Ethnic Differences?

Bram Tucker, Erik J Ringen, Tsiazonera, Jaovola Tombo, Patricia Hajasoa, Soanahary Gérard, Rolland Lahiniriko, Angelah Halatiana Garçon

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. The Evolutionary-Ecological Basis of Xenophilia.Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Bram TuckerDepartment of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. bramtuck@uga.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4620-9737
Erik J RingenDepartment of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
TsiazoneraDepartment of History, Université de Toliara, Toliara, Madagascar.
Jaovola TomboDepartment of Geography, Université de Toliara, Toliara, Madagascar.
Patricia HajasoaDepartment of Geography, Université de Toliara, Toliara, Madagascar.
Soanahary GérardDepartment of Geography, Université de Toliara, Toliara, Madagascar.
Rolland LahinirikoDepartment of Malagasy Language, Civilization, and Letters, Université de Toliara, Toliara, Madagascar.
Angelah Halatiana GarçonDepartment of Geography, Université de Toliara, Toliara, Madagascar.

Funding

United States Science Support Program BCS 1733917
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

People often signal their membership in groups through their clothes, hairstyle, posture, and dialect. Most existing evolutionary models argue that markers label group members so individuals can preferentially interact with those in their group. Here we ask why people mark ethnic differences when interethnic interaction is routine, necessary, and peaceful. We asked research participants from three ethnic groups in southwestern Madagascar to sort photos of unfamiliar people by ethnicity, and by with whom they would prefer or not prefer to cooperate, in a wage labor vignette. Results indicate that southwestern Malagasy reliably send and detect ethnic signals; they signal less in the marketplace, a primary site of interethnic coordination and cooperation; and they do not prefer co-ethnics as cooperation partners in novel circumstances. Results from a cultural knowledge survey and calculations of cultural F

Indexed as

EthnicityEthnic ViolenceHumansLanguageMadagascarPsychological DistanceCooperationCoordinationCultural F STEthnic MarkersIdentityMadagascarParochial AltruismSorting Experiments

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.